Complete Test Bank Essentials of Radiographic Physics and Imaging 3rd Edition Johnston Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-17)

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3rd Edition Johnston 4 4 4

Chapter 02: Structure of the Atom
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Johnston/Fauber: Essentials of Radiographic Physics and Imaging, 3rd Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE 4




1. The earliest atomic theory is generally associated with
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a. Bohr
b. Leucippus
c. Democritus
d. Dalton
ANS: B 44


Although his theory was somewhat vague, Leucippus is most often the earliest person associat
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ed with atomic theory.
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2. The word atom is derived from the Greek word atomos, meaning
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a. nuclear
b. small
c. indivisible
d. invisible
ANS: C 44


The Greek word atomos means ―indivisible.‖
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3. In the early 1800s English chemist John Dalton theorized that
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a. elements form compounds 4 4


b. atoms are unique to each element in size and mass
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c. a chemical reaction results from atoms being rearranged
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d. all of these 4 4




ANS: D 44


As a result of his experiments, John Dalton theorized that elements form compounds, atoms ar
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e unique to each element in size and mass, and that a chemical reaction results from atoms bein
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g rearranged.
4




4. Discovery of the electron is attributed to 4 4 4 4 4 4


a. Dalton
b. Bohr
c. Thomson
d. Rutherford
ANS: C 44


Joseph John ―J.J.‖ Thomson determined that the electron was a negatively charged part of the
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atom.

5. The ―plum pudding model‖ is associated with
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a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Dalton
d. Thomson



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3rd Edition Johnston 4 4 4



ANS: D 44


Based on the physical arrangement of raisins in a plum pudding, Thomson described the atom
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and surrounding negatively charged particles (electrons).
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6. The earliest atomic theory based on an arrangement similar to the solar system is attributed to
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a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Dalton
d. Thomson
ANS: B 44


Rutherford developed the theory that the atom consisted of a very dense nucleus with small electrons
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rotating around, similar to the sun and planets.
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7. The most commonly known modern atomic theory was developed by
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a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Dalton
d. Thomson
ANS: A 44


Niels Bohr refined Rutherford’s atomic theory, based on the solar system, into the most comm
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only known atomic theory today.
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8. The three fundamental particles of the atom are the
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a. element, nucleus, and electron 4 4 4


b. electron, nucleus, and proton 4 4 4


c. neutron, electron, and proton 4 4 4


d. nucleus, proton, and neutron 4 4 4




ANS: C 44


The three fundamental components of the atom are the proton, electron, and neutron.
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9. The atomic nucleus contains
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a. protons and neutrons 4 4


b. protons and electrons 4 4


c. electrons and neutrons 4 4


d. all of these 4 4




ANS: A 44


The atomic nucleus contains varying amounts of protons and neutrons, depending on the elem
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ent.

10. The component of the nucleus that has a positive charge and mass is the
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a. electron
b. neutron
c. proton
d. none of these 4 4 4




ANS: C 4




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3rd Edition Johnston 4 4 4

The proton is the part of the nucleus that has a positive charge and mass.
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11. The component of the nucleus that has mass but no electrical charge is the
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a. electron
b. neutron
c. proton
d. none of these 4 4




ANS: B 44


The neutron is found in the nucleus; it is very similar to the proton but has no electrical charge (
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neutral).

12. The fundamental component of the atom that has the smallest mass is the
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a. electron
b. neutron
c. proton
d. none of these 4 4




ANS: A 44


The electron has significantly less mass than the neutron or proton.
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13. The mass of an atom is primarily due to the mass of the
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a. neutrons
b. nucleus
c. electrons
d. protons
ANS: B 44


The nucleus, consisting of both protons and neutrons, accounts for the majority of the mass of
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an atom.
4




14. If an atom has more protons than electrons, it will
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a. have a negative charge 4 4 4


b. have a positive charge 4 4 4


c. be electrically neutral
4 4


d. have neither a positive nor negative charge
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ANS: B 44


An atom with more protons than electrons will have a positive charge.
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15. If an atom has more electrons than protons, it will
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a. have a negative charge 4 4 4


b. have a positive charge 4 4 4


c. be electrically neutral
4 4


d. have neither a positive nor negative charge
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ANS: A 44


An atom with more electrons than protons will have a negative charge.
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16. If an atom has the same number of electrons and protons it will
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a. have a negative charge 4 4 4




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