NURS 143 Exam 4 Study Guide
With Solution
upper
If blood is shed in sufficient quantities in the [ upper / lower ] GI tract, vomit
or emesis may take on the appearance of coffee grounds.
yellow
Senna (Senokot) is considered a "stimulant" laxative medication that affects
the color of stool. The stool would appear to be ____.
barium
A patient recently had a BM and asks the nurse why her stool is a milky white
color. The nurse explains that the contrast agent she consumed as
preparation for her upper GI fluoroscopy is called ____, and can have that
effect.
enema
The barium ____ can be used to detect the presence of polyps, tumors or
other lesions of the lower GI tract and can demonstrate any anatomic
abnormalities or malfunctioning of the bowel. These are scheduled BEFORE
any upper GI studies.
pharynx
The nurse can use a tongue blade to depress the tongue for adequate
visualization of the ____.
,auscultates
The nurse inspects the abdomen and then ____ for bowel sounds before
performing any percussion or palpation.
Diaphragm
Auscultation of bowel sounds requires using the [ bell / diaphragm ] of the
stethoscope for soft clicks and gurgling sounds.
absent
In order for a nurse to be able to record bowel sounds as ____, the nurse
would have had to auscultate the abdomen for 3 to 5 minutes and hear no
sounds.
hypoactive
Normoactive bowel sounds occur every 5-20 secs. If the nurse hears one or
two sounds in 2 minutes, the nurse would record this observation as ____
bowel sounds.
bell
The nurse can use the [ bell / diaphragm ] of the stethescope to auscultate
the aortic, renal, iliac, and femoral arteries for any bruit.
bear down
During rectal inspection and palpation, the patient is asked to ____ (two
words) to allow the nurse to observe for the appearance of fistulas, fissures,
rectal prolapse, polyps and internal hemorrhoids.
20
,Blood flow to the GI tract is ____ (#) percent of cardiac output with a
significant increase after eating.
PNS (parasympathetic nervous system)
Rest and digest are important functions of the [ PNS / SNS ].
SNS (sympathetic nervous system)
Fight or flight are important functions of the [ PNS / SNS ].
Intrinsic Factor (IF)
Dietary vitamin B12 combines with ____ (two words), which is secreted by the
gastric mucosa, so that it can be absorbed in the ileum.
hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Besides intrinsic factor (IF), gastric parietal cells secrete ____ (two words),
which breaks food down into more absorbable components and kills
bacteria.
Gallbladder
Duodenal secretions come from the accessory digestive organs, the pancreas,
liver and ____. These secretions contain amylase, lipase and bile.
Bicarbonate
The pH of the stomach (1.0) is much lower than the pH of the small intestine
(6.0). This can be attributed to pancreatic secretions which have a high
concentration of alkaline ____.
emulsifies
Bile ____ fats, making fats easier to digest and absorb.
, lipase
The enzyme ____ aids in the digestion of fats.
Peristalsis
Whereas segmentation contractions of the small intestine produce mixing
waves and churning, intestinal ___ propels the contents of the small intestine
towards the colon.
chyme
___, a mixture of partially digested food and gastric secretions remains in the
small intestine for 3-6 hours.
12
Waste materials from a meal eventually reach and distend the rectum, usually
within ____(#) hours. As much as 1/4 of waste materials can remain there for 3
days.
dyspepsia
Upper abdominal discomfort associated with eating, commonly called
indigestion is known as ____ and is the most common symptom of patients
with GI dysfunction.
GI (gastrointestinal)
The nurse collects information about abdominal pain, dyspepsia, gas, N/V,
diarrhea, constipation, fecal incontinence, jaundice, stool characteristics and
history of disease. The nurse is conducting a focused ____ (acronym only)
assessment.
stomatitis
With Solution
upper
If blood is shed in sufficient quantities in the [ upper / lower ] GI tract, vomit
or emesis may take on the appearance of coffee grounds.
yellow
Senna (Senokot) is considered a "stimulant" laxative medication that affects
the color of stool. The stool would appear to be ____.
barium
A patient recently had a BM and asks the nurse why her stool is a milky white
color. The nurse explains that the contrast agent she consumed as
preparation for her upper GI fluoroscopy is called ____, and can have that
effect.
enema
The barium ____ can be used to detect the presence of polyps, tumors or
other lesions of the lower GI tract and can demonstrate any anatomic
abnormalities or malfunctioning of the bowel. These are scheduled BEFORE
any upper GI studies.
pharynx
The nurse can use a tongue blade to depress the tongue for adequate
visualization of the ____.
,auscultates
The nurse inspects the abdomen and then ____ for bowel sounds before
performing any percussion or palpation.
Diaphragm
Auscultation of bowel sounds requires using the [ bell / diaphragm ] of the
stethoscope for soft clicks and gurgling sounds.
absent
In order for a nurse to be able to record bowel sounds as ____, the nurse
would have had to auscultate the abdomen for 3 to 5 minutes and hear no
sounds.
hypoactive
Normoactive bowel sounds occur every 5-20 secs. If the nurse hears one or
two sounds in 2 minutes, the nurse would record this observation as ____
bowel sounds.
bell
The nurse can use the [ bell / diaphragm ] of the stethescope to auscultate
the aortic, renal, iliac, and femoral arteries for any bruit.
bear down
During rectal inspection and palpation, the patient is asked to ____ (two
words) to allow the nurse to observe for the appearance of fistulas, fissures,
rectal prolapse, polyps and internal hemorrhoids.
20
,Blood flow to the GI tract is ____ (#) percent of cardiac output with a
significant increase after eating.
PNS (parasympathetic nervous system)
Rest and digest are important functions of the [ PNS / SNS ].
SNS (sympathetic nervous system)
Fight or flight are important functions of the [ PNS / SNS ].
Intrinsic Factor (IF)
Dietary vitamin B12 combines with ____ (two words), which is secreted by the
gastric mucosa, so that it can be absorbed in the ileum.
hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Besides intrinsic factor (IF), gastric parietal cells secrete ____ (two words),
which breaks food down into more absorbable components and kills
bacteria.
Gallbladder
Duodenal secretions come from the accessory digestive organs, the pancreas,
liver and ____. These secretions contain amylase, lipase and bile.
Bicarbonate
The pH of the stomach (1.0) is much lower than the pH of the small intestine
(6.0). This can be attributed to pancreatic secretions which have a high
concentration of alkaline ____.
emulsifies
Bile ____ fats, making fats easier to digest and absorb.
, lipase
The enzyme ____ aids in the digestion of fats.
Peristalsis
Whereas segmentation contractions of the small intestine produce mixing
waves and churning, intestinal ___ propels the contents of the small intestine
towards the colon.
chyme
___, a mixture of partially digested food and gastric secretions remains in the
small intestine for 3-6 hours.
12
Waste materials from a meal eventually reach and distend the rectum, usually
within ____(#) hours. As much as 1/4 of waste materials can remain there for 3
days.
dyspepsia
Upper abdominal discomfort associated with eating, commonly called
indigestion is known as ____ and is the most common symptom of patients
with GI dysfunction.
GI (gastrointestinal)
The nurse collects information about abdominal pain, dyspepsia, gas, N/V,
diarrhea, constipation, fecal incontinence, jaundice, stool characteristics and
history of disease. The nurse is conducting a focused ____ (acronym only)
assessment.
stomatitis
