= Body Cells Sex Cells
- These are diploid (2n) - These are haploid
- Ex. Blood cells, lung (n)
cells, muscle cells, - Ex. Egg and Sperm
heart cells, etc.
- Carry traits that - Carry traits that make
make you who you you who you are AND
are determine your
- Ex. Chromosomes gender
1-44 - Ex. Chromosomes
45-46 (X or Y)
= chromosome pairs that have the same types of genes
- One from mom and one from dad
= 2 identical copies of that same chromosome
= 2 full sets of chromosomes = 1 full set of
- (2n) chromosomes
- A set from mom and a set - (n)
from dad - Only one set that is
a combination of
chromosomes from
Duplicated chromosomes 2n mom and dad
- -Ex. Gametes =
Duplicated n n Egg & Sperm n=23
chromosomes
Unduplicated n n n n
chromosomes
, Jot down questions
or highlight key - Organisms that reproduce sexually ( like humans ) fuse
points and/or the genetic information ( gametes ) from two parents to
vocabulary terms produce offspring that are a genetic mixture of both
here! parents.
- Fertilization - the actual fusion of egg and sperm to form
a zygote
● Meiosis is the process of creating gametes - sex cells that have HALF
the normal number of chromosomes
● We call these cells haploid because they only have one of each
chromosomes. These cells are used ONLY for sexual reproduction (
sperm in males or eggs in females )
● A separation of homologous chromosomes
● A reduction from diploid duplicated chromosomes to haploid
duplicated chromosomes
Interphase - growth phase of cell.
Remember it is divided into 3 phases :
G1 phase - the cell grows and makes proteins.
S phase - chromosomes replicate
G2 phase - cells continue to grow and make
proteins
● Nuclear membrane breaks down.
● Centrioles separate and make spindle
fibers
● Homologous chromosomes pair up &
become visible.
May occur between homologous chromosomes
● During Prophase 1 homologous chromosomes
are lined up together
● Sometimes chromosomes can cross over each
other and get “tangled”
● When this happened, they swap pieces of DNA
● This process creates new combinations that are
“part mom/ part dad”
- These are diploid (2n) - These are haploid
- Ex. Blood cells, lung (n)
cells, muscle cells, - Ex. Egg and Sperm
heart cells, etc.
- Carry traits that - Carry traits that make
make you who you you who you are AND
are determine your
- Ex. Chromosomes gender
1-44 - Ex. Chromosomes
45-46 (X or Y)
= chromosome pairs that have the same types of genes
- One from mom and one from dad
= 2 identical copies of that same chromosome
= 2 full sets of chromosomes = 1 full set of
- (2n) chromosomes
- A set from mom and a set - (n)
from dad - Only one set that is
a combination of
chromosomes from
Duplicated chromosomes 2n mom and dad
- -Ex. Gametes =
Duplicated n n Egg & Sperm n=23
chromosomes
Unduplicated n n n n
chromosomes
, Jot down questions
or highlight key - Organisms that reproduce sexually ( like humans ) fuse
points and/or the genetic information ( gametes ) from two parents to
vocabulary terms produce offspring that are a genetic mixture of both
here! parents.
- Fertilization - the actual fusion of egg and sperm to form
a zygote
● Meiosis is the process of creating gametes - sex cells that have HALF
the normal number of chromosomes
● We call these cells haploid because they only have one of each
chromosomes. These cells are used ONLY for sexual reproduction (
sperm in males or eggs in females )
● A separation of homologous chromosomes
● A reduction from diploid duplicated chromosomes to haploid
duplicated chromosomes
Interphase - growth phase of cell.
Remember it is divided into 3 phases :
G1 phase - the cell grows and makes proteins.
S phase - chromosomes replicate
G2 phase - cells continue to grow and make
proteins
● Nuclear membrane breaks down.
● Centrioles separate and make spindle
fibers
● Homologous chromosomes pair up &
become visible.
May occur between homologous chromosomes
● During Prophase 1 homologous chromosomes
are lined up together
● Sometimes chromosomes can cross over each
other and get “tangled”
● When this happened, they swap pieces of DNA
● This process creates new combinations that are
“part mom/ part dad”
