NUR 371 Exam Questions And Correct Answers
Functions of Blood (3)
Transportation
Regulation (of temp, fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance)
Protection
What are the components of blood?
55% Plasma (water, proteins, other solutes)
45% Formed Electrolytes (Thrombocytes, Leukocytes, Erythrocytes)
Indications for packed RBCs (3)
Severe or symptomatic anemia
Acute blood loss
Hgb < 70 g/L
Indications for platelets
Bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or platelets <10-20x10^9/L
Indications for Fresh Frozen Plasma
Bleeding due to a deficiency in clotting factors
Indications for Albumin
Hypovolemic shock
Hypoalbuminemia
,Indications for cryoprecipitates
Clotting factor replacement
Signs and Sx of Anemia (6)
Dizziness/ lightheadedness
Lethargy/ Fatigue
SOB with activity
Tachypnea
Palpitations
Decreased LOC
Signs and Sx of Acute Blood Loss (5)
Postural hypotension
Low bp at rest
Dyspnea
Rapid thready pulse
Cool clammy skin
Nursing Assessment before Blood Product Administration (5)
VS Assessment- temperature, pulse, respiration, BP, SPO2, pain
Previous transfusions and any reaction or complication
Chest auscultation (Risk of TACO)
Patent IV line in situ (20-22 gauge or larger)
Inform pt of possible signs and Sx of a transfusion Rx (SOB, itching, chills, feeling weird)
TACO
, Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload
Risk factors: Hx of heart failure, MI, renal disease, + fluid balance
Can also occur from a rapid transfusion
Signs and Sx of TACO (6)
Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Cyanosis
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Increased venous pressure
TACO: Preventative measures
Transfuse slowly over longer time period
Administer pre-transfusion diuretic
Management of TACO
Oxygen therapy
Diuretics
CXR
Possible for the transfusion to be resumed
What does the physician's order need to include for blood product administration? (3)
Type of blood product
Number of units
Time of infusion
Functions of Blood (3)
Transportation
Regulation (of temp, fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance)
Protection
What are the components of blood?
55% Plasma (water, proteins, other solutes)
45% Formed Electrolytes (Thrombocytes, Leukocytes, Erythrocytes)
Indications for packed RBCs (3)
Severe or symptomatic anemia
Acute blood loss
Hgb < 70 g/L
Indications for platelets
Bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or platelets <10-20x10^9/L
Indications for Fresh Frozen Plasma
Bleeding due to a deficiency in clotting factors
Indications for Albumin
Hypovolemic shock
Hypoalbuminemia
,Indications for cryoprecipitates
Clotting factor replacement
Signs and Sx of Anemia (6)
Dizziness/ lightheadedness
Lethargy/ Fatigue
SOB with activity
Tachypnea
Palpitations
Decreased LOC
Signs and Sx of Acute Blood Loss (5)
Postural hypotension
Low bp at rest
Dyspnea
Rapid thready pulse
Cool clammy skin
Nursing Assessment before Blood Product Administration (5)
VS Assessment- temperature, pulse, respiration, BP, SPO2, pain
Previous transfusions and any reaction or complication
Chest auscultation (Risk of TACO)
Patent IV line in situ (20-22 gauge or larger)
Inform pt of possible signs and Sx of a transfusion Rx (SOB, itching, chills, feeling weird)
TACO
, Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload
Risk factors: Hx of heart failure, MI, renal disease, + fluid balance
Can also occur from a rapid transfusion
Signs and Sx of TACO (6)
Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Cyanosis
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Increased venous pressure
TACO: Preventative measures
Transfuse slowly over longer time period
Administer pre-transfusion diuretic
Management of TACO
Oxygen therapy
Diuretics
CXR
Possible for the transfusion to be resumed
What does the physician's order need to include for blood product administration? (3)
Type of blood product
Number of units
Time of infusion
