MCPHS -Anatomy & Physiology Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers
What is rickets?
A condition caused by insufficient levels of vitamin D.
Describe the zone of resting cartilage.
The zone with randomly arranged chondrocytes nearest the epiphysis
The vitamin that is necessary for osteoblasts to produce collagen is
vitamin C
Bone growth, increasing size or thickness of a bone due to growth beneath the periosteum is
called _____ growth.
appositional
Describe the role of nutrition and hormones in determining the size and shape of the
skeleton.
Proper nutrition and certain hormones will increase the size and shape of the skeleton.
Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress, replaces old
bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone.
bone remodeling
The condition called ______ is a disease of childhood in which a deficiency in vitamin D
results in soft bones; those of the lower limbs bend under the body's weight.
rickets
What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone?
Electrical charge changes
Increased osteoblast activity
,What is the role of vitamin C in skeletal development?
Collagen synthesis by osteoblasts requires vitamin C.
A(n) _____ fracture is one in which there is no visible damage to the skin at the injury site.
closed
What is a mass of blood in the tissues called?
hematoma
Bones are the primary storage location for ______.
calcium
in a(n) ___ fracture, there is visible damage to the skin at the trauma site
open
Osteoclasts become active when
blood calcium levels are low
Osteoblasts are activated when
blood calcium levels are high
Bleeding at the site of a bone fracture results in the formation of hematoma. Usually the
blood in a hematoma forms a
clot
The hormone ______ is released by the thyroid gland when blood calcium levels are elevated.
Its effect is to inhibit osteoclast activity.
calcitonin
An increased blood calcium level stimulates the release of:
calcitriol
,Interconnecting rods of bone or bone tissue are:
trabeculae
A passageway perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and connects one central canal to
another is called a/an:
Perforating canal
The primary mineral in bone is:
Calcium
rickets is
A disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.
Which of the following is the cell responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed?
osteocyte
A type of bone that has a porous appearance and contains interlocking plates called
trabeculae is known as:
spongy bone
Osteoclast activity would decrease when _____ levels are elevated.
calcitonin
The correct order of events in bone repair is:
Hematoma formation, callus formation, callus ossification, and remodeling of bone.
The site of longitudinal growth in long bones is the:
Epiphyseal plate
Collagen fibers and calcium hydroxyapatite are primary components of:
bone matrix
, The osteon or haversian system:
Are the basic functional unit in compact bone
An x-ray reveals a fracture located through the mid-shaft of a young child's arm bone. The
break is in the _____ of the bone.
Diaphysis
Which of the following surrounds cartilage?
perichondrium
Bone tissue consists of extracellular bone ____ and bone cells.
matrix
Mature bone matrix is composed of _________ material like collagen and proteoglycans and
________ material like hydroxyapatite.
organic, inorganic
What are osteoblasts?
Bone-forming cells that produce and package matrix collagen and proteoglycans
identify the 4 components of the skeletal system
bones, tendons, cartilages, ligaments
What are mature bone cells found within lacunae of compact bone called?
osteocytes
What is the perichondrium?
connective tissue surrounding cartilage
Which of the following describes the lacunae of osseous tissue?
Questions and Verified Answers
What is rickets?
A condition caused by insufficient levels of vitamin D.
Describe the zone of resting cartilage.
The zone with randomly arranged chondrocytes nearest the epiphysis
The vitamin that is necessary for osteoblasts to produce collagen is
vitamin C
Bone growth, increasing size or thickness of a bone due to growth beneath the periosteum is
called _____ growth.
appositional
Describe the role of nutrition and hormones in determining the size and shape of the
skeleton.
Proper nutrition and certain hormones will increase the size and shape of the skeleton.
Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress, replaces old
bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone.
bone remodeling
The condition called ______ is a disease of childhood in which a deficiency in vitamin D
results in soft bones; those of the lower limbs bend under the body's weight.
rickets
What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone?
Electrical charge changes
Increased osteoblast activity
,What is the role of vitamin C in skeletal development?
Collagen synthesis by osteoblasts requires vitamin C.
A(n) _____ fracture is one in which there is no visible damage to the skin at the injury site.
closed
What is a mass of blood in the tissues called?
hematoma
Bones are the primary storage location for ______.
calcium
in a(n) ___ fracture, there is visible damage to the skin at the trauma site
open
Osteoclasts become active when
blood calcium levels are low
Osteoblasts are activated when
blood calcium levels are high
Bleeding at the site of a bone fracture results in the formation of hematoma. Usually the
blood in a hematoma forms a
clot
The hormone ______ is released by the thyroid gland when blood calcium levels are elevated.
Its effect is to inhibit osteoclast activity.
calcitonin
An increased blood calcium level stimulates the release of:
calcitriol
,Interconnecting rods of bone or bone tissue are:
trabeculae
A passageway perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and connects one central canal to
another is called a/an:
Perforating canal
The primary mineral in bone is:
Calcium
rickets is
A disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.
Which of the following is the cell responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed?
osteocyte
A type of bone that has a porous appearance and contains interlocking plates called
trabeculae is known as:
spongy bone
Osteoclast activity would decrease when _____ levels are elevated.
calcitonin
The correct order of events in bone repair is:
Hematoma formation, callus formation, callus ossification, and remodeling of bone.
The site of longitudinal growth in long bones is the:
Epiphyseal plate
Collagen fibers and calcium hydroxyapatite are primary components of:
bone matrix
, The osteon or haversian system:
Are the basic functional unit in compact bone
An x-ray reveals a fracture located through the mid-shaft of a young child's arm bone. The
break is in the _____ of the bone.
Diaphysis
Which of the following surrounds cartilage?
perichondrium
Bone tissue consists of extracellular bone ____ and bone cells.
matrix
Mature bone matrix is composed of _________ material like collagen and proteoglycans and
________ material like hydroxyapatite.
organic, inorganic
What are osteoblasts?
Bone-forming cells that produce and package matrix collagen and proteoglycans
identify the 4 components of the skeletal system
bones, tendons, cartilages, ligaments
What are mature bone cells found within lacunae of compact bone called?
osteocytes
What is the perichondrium?
connective tissue surrounding cartilage
Which of the following describes the lacunae of osseous tissue?
