Sharp ECG Study Guide questions with
correct answers
Layers |of |the |heart |- |correct |answers✔✔pericardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium |- |correct |answers✔✔outermost |layer: |fibrous |and |serous |
fibrous
-outer |sack |that |anchors |the |heart
serous
-inner, |fluid |secreting |membrane |with |two |layers |
-parietal |(lines |inner |surface |of |fibrous |sac)
-visceral |(AKA |epicardium) |lines |myocardium |
-between |the |two |is |the |pericardial |space, |with |10-30ml |of |fluid |to |give |the |heart |
space |to |relax |and |contract
myocardium |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Thick, |middle |muscular |layer |that |makes |up |the |
bulk |of |the |heart |wall
ii. |Composed |of |cardiac |muscle |cells |and |is |responsible |for |the |heart's |ability |to |
contract
endocardium |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Thin |layer |of |tissue |that |lines |the |inner |surface |
of |heart |muscle |and |heart |chambers
ii. |Extensions |and |folds |of |this |tissue |forms |the |valves |of |the |heart.
, 4 |primary |characteristics |of |the |heart |- |correct |answers✔✔automaticity
excitability
conductivity
contractility
automaticity |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Specific |to |the |pacemaker |cells; |ability |to |
generate |their |own |electrical |impulse |spontaneously
excitability |- |correct |answers✔✔Ability |of |ALL |cardiac |cells |to |respond |to |an |electrical
|impulse
conductivity |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Ability |of |ALL |cardiac |cells |to |conduct |an |
electrical |impulse
contractility |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Specific |to |muscle |cells; |ability |to |cause |cardiac |
muscle |contraction
electrons/ions |responsible |for |depolarization/repolarization |of |the |heart |muscle |- |
correct |answers✔✔Potassium
i. |Primary |ion |inside |the |cell
ii. |Plays |a |role |in |depolarization |and |repolarization
Sodium
i. |Primary |ion |outside |the |cell
ii. |Major |role |in |depolarization
sodium-potassium |pump |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Actively |transports |ions |across |the |
membrane |against |the |electrochemical |gradient
ii. |In |a |resting |cardiac |cell, |there |are |more |negative |ions |on |the |inside |than |the |
outside. |This |is |a |resting, |or |polarized |cell. |No |electrical |activity |is |occurring |and |
there |is |an |isoelectric |(straight) |line |on |ECG
correct answers
Layers |of |the |heart |- |correct |answers✔✔pericardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium |- |correct |answers✔✔outermost |layer: |fibrous |and |serous |
fibrous
-outer |sack |that |anchors |the |heart
serous
-inner, |fluid |secreting |membrane |with |two |layers |
-parietal |(lines |inner |surface |of |fibrous |sac)
-visceral |(AKA |epicardium) |lines |myocardium |
-between |the |two |is |the |pericardial |space, |with |10-30ml |of |fluid |to |give |the |heart |
space |to |relax |and |contract
myocardium |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Thick, |middle |muscular |layer |that |makes |up |the |
bulk |of |the |heart |wall
ii. |Composed |of |cardiac |muscle |cells |and |is |responsible |for |the |heart's |ability |to |
contract
endocardium |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Thin |layer |of |tissue |that |lines |the |inner |surface |
of |heart |muscle |and |heart |chambers
ii. |Extensions |and |folds |of |this |tissue |forms |the |valves |of |the |heart.
, 4 |primary |characteristics |of |the |heart |- |correct |answers✔✔automaticity
excitability
conductivity
contractility
automaticity |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Specific |to |the |pacemaker |cells; |ability |to |
generate |their |own |electrical |impulse |spontaneously
excitability |- |correct |answers✔✔Ability |of |ALL |cardiac |cells |to |respond |to |an |electrical
|impulse
conductivity |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Ability |of |ALL |cardiac |cells |to |conduct |an |
electrical |impulse
contractility |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Specific |to |muscle |cells; |ability |to |cause |cardiac |
muscle |contraction
electrons/ions |responsible |for |depolarization/repolarization |of |the |heart |muscle |- |
correct |answers✔✔Potassium
i. |Primary |ion |inside |the |cell
ii. |Plays |a |role |in |depolarization |and |repolarization
Sodium
i. |Primary |ion |outside |the |cell
ii. |Major |role |in |depolarization
sodium-potassium |pump |- |correct |answers✔✔i. |Actively |transports |ions |across |the |
membrane |against |the |electrochemical |gradient
ii. |In |a |resting |cardiac |cell, |there |are |more |negative |ions |on |the |inside |than |the |
outside. |This |is |a |resting, |or |polarized |cell. |No |electrical |activity |is |occurring |and |
there |is |an |isoelectric |(straight) |line |on |ECG
