N170: All NCLEX Practice Questions for Final Questions
With Complete Solutions
A breast cancer screening program screened 8000 women and
discovered 35 women previously diagnosed with breast cancer
and 20 women with no history of breast cancer diagnosed as a
result of the screening. The prevalence proportion would reflect:
A. current and past breast cancer events in this population of
women.
B. newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer in this population of
women.
C. past breast cancer events in this population of women.
D. the population of women that had no evidence of breast
cancer. Correct Answer *A. current and past breast cancer
events in this population of women.*
Rationale: The prevalence proportion is a measure of existing
disease in a population at a particular time (i.e., the number of
existing cases divided by the current population). A prevalence
proportion is not an estimate of the risk of developing disease,
because it is a function of both the rate at which new cases of the
disease develop and how long those cases remain in the
population. In this example, the prevalence of breast cancer in
this population of women is a function of how many new cases
develop and how long women live after the diagnosis of breast
cancer.
A business executive develops symptoms of the flu 1 day after
returning by air from a cross-Atlantic business trip that ran for 2
consecutive stressful 10-hour days. This individual's
,development of flu symptoms illustrates the relationship
between:
A. host and agent.
B. host, agent, and environment.
C. risk and causality.
D. morbidity and disease. Correct Answer *B. host, agent, and
environment.*
Rationale: Epidemiologists understand that disease results from
complex relationships among causal agents, susceptible persons,
and environmental factors. These three elements—agent, host,
and environment—are called the epidemiologic triangle.
Changes in one of the elements of the triangle can influence the
occurrence of disease by decreasing or increasing a person's risk
for disease. The associations between risk and causality,
morbidity and disease do not demonstrate the relationship to the
development of flu.
A community-oriented nurse is interested in studying the
hospital discharge data for facilities that typically provide
services to members of the community where the nurse
practices. The nurse accesses the National Hospital Discharge
Survey database of the Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS) to identify data at national, regional, and local
levels for comparison purposes. The government health care
function being used by the nurse is:
A) direct services.
B) financing.
C) information.
,D) policy setting. Correct Answer *C) information.*
Rationale:
The federal, state, and local governments carry out four health
care functions, which fall into the general categories of direct
services, financing, information, and policy setting. Collecting
vital statistics, including mortality and morbidity data, gathering
census data, and conducting health care status surveys are
government functions that relate to the role of the government to
provide information. The National Hospital Discharge Survey is
a national data source on the health status of the U.S. population
from the federal government, Department of Health and Human
Services. Direct services may be provided to individuals or
groups. Financing refers to government payment for health care
services. Policy decisions about health care are made at all
levels and within all branches of government.
A family nurse is working with a married couple that has
decided to remain child-free. The nurse recognizes this decision
as a:
A. biological necessity.
B. contemporary family function.
C. religious belief decision.
D. threat to family survival. Correct Answer *B. contemporary
family function.*
Rationale: In contemporary times, the traditional functions of
families have been modified and new functions added. One of
the traditional family functions was to procreate to ensure the
, survival of the species. Many married couples are electing to be
child-free rather than to reproduce.
A family nurse is working with a married couple that has
decided to remain child-free. The nurse recognizes this decision
as a:
A) biological necessity.
B) contemporary family function.
C) religious belief decision.
D) threat to family survival. Correct Answer *B) contemporary
family function.*
Rationale:
In contemporary times, the traditional functions of families have
been modified and new functions added. One of the traditional
family functions was to procreate to ensure the survival of the
species. Many married couples are electing to be child-free
rather than to reproduce.
A mother brings her child to the nurse's office a few days before
the first day of class for the new school year. The mother wants
the child to begin school but says, "I'm going to take care of the
immunizations tomorrow." The most important action the nurse
should take is to:
A) conduct a physical exam to determine whether the child is
healthy.
B) explain to the parent that all required immunizations must be
given before the child will be allowed to enter school.
With Complete Solutions
A breast cancer screening program screened 8000 women and
discovered 35 women previously diagnosed with breast cancer
and 20 women with no history of breast cancer diagnosed as a
result of the screening. The prevalence proportion would reflect:
A. current and past breast cancer events in this population of
women.
B. newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer in this population of
women.
C. past breast cancer events in this population of women.
D. the population of women that had no evidence of breast
cancer. Correct Answer *A. current and past breast cancer
events in this population of women.*
Rationale: The prevalence proportion is a measure of existing
disease in a population at a particular time (i.e., the number of
existing cases divided by the current population). A prevalence
proportion is not an estimate of the risk of developing disease,
because it is a function of both the rate at which new cases of the
disease develop and how long those cases remain in the
population. In this example, the prevalence of breast cancer in
this population of women is a function of how many new cases
develop and how long women live after the diagnosis of breast
cancer.
A business executive develops symptoms of the flu 1 day after
returning by air from a cross-Atlantic business trip that ran for 2
consecutive stressful 10-hour days. This individual's
,development of flu symptoms illustrates the relationship
between:
A. host and agent.
B. host, agent, and environment.
C. risk and causality.
D. morbidity and disease. Correct Answer *B. host, agent, and
environment.*
Rationale: Epidemiologists understand that disease results from
complex relationships among causal agents, susceptible persons,
and environmental factors. These three elements—agent, host,
and environment—are called the epidemiologic triangle.
Changes in one of the elements of the triangle can influence the
occurrence of disease by decreasing or increasing a person's risk
for disease. The associations between risk and causality,
morbidity and disease do not demonstrate the relationship to the
development of flu.
A community-oriented nurse is interested in studying the
hospital discharge data for facilities that typically provide
services to members of the community where the nurse
practices. The nurse accesses the National Hospital Discharge
Survey database of the Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS) to identify data at national, regional, and local
levels for comparison purposes. The government health care
function being used by the nurse is:
A) direct services.
B) financing.
C) information.
,D) policy setting. Correct Answer *C) information.*
Rationale:
The federal, state, and local governments carry out four health
care functions, which fall into the general categories of direct
services, financing, information, and policy setting. Collecting
vital statistics, including mortality and morbidity data, gathering
census data, and conducting health care status surveys are
government functions that relate to the role of the government to
provide information. The National Hospital Discharge Survey is
a national data source on the health status of the U.S. population
from the federal government, Department of Health and Human
Services. Direct services may be provided to individuals or
groups. Financing refers to government payment for health care
services. Policy decisions about health care are made at all
levels and within all branches of government.
A family nurse is working with a married couple that has
decided to remain child-free. The nurse recognizes this decision
as a:
A. biological necessity.
B. contemporary family function.
C. religious belief decision.
D. threat to family survival. Correct Answer *B. contemporary
family function.*
Rationale: In contemporary times, the traditional functions of
families have been modified and new functions added. One of
the traditional family functions was to procreate to ensure the
, survival of the species. Many married couples are electing to be
child-free rather than to reproduce.
A family nurse is working with a married couple that has
decided to remain child-free. The nurse recognizes this decision
as a:
A) biological necessity.
B) contemporary family function.
C) religious belief decision.
D) threat to family survival. Correct Answer *B) contemporary
family function.*
Rationale:
In contemporary times, the traditional functions of families have
been modified and new functions added. One of the traditional
family functions was to procreate to ensure the survival of the
species. Many married couples are electing to be child-free
rather than to reproduce.
A mother brings her child to the nurse's office a few days before
the first day of class for the new school year. The mother wants
the child to begin school but says, "I'm going to take care of the
immunizations tomorrow." The most important action the nurse
should take is to:
A) conduct a physical exam to determine whether the child is
healthy.
B) explain to the parent that all required immunizations must be
given before the child will be allowed to enter school.
