UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 Adv Patho Exam 1 with Verified Answers
1. Seven specialized movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion,
cellular functions: excretion, respiration, and reproduction
2. Nucleus aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains
DNA (think the egg yolk)
3. Ribosomes RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide
sites for cellular protein synthesis; packages and modifies
protein for transportation and secretion
4. Endoplasmic specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein
Reticulum (ER) and lipid components of most of the cells organelles
(memory factory)
5. Golgi complex Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into
vesicles and transports within and outside of cell (refining
plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out of
cytoplasm)
6. Lysosomes An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and
remove wastes, digest debris from dead cells; if ruptured,
they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in
starvation
7. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP
(energy) production; pathway for metabolism of carbs,
lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive;
can grow and self-replicate in the cell
8. Cytoskeleton A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the
cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement; "bones and
muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
9. Characteristics of made up of lipids and proteins; the basic component is
plasma mem- a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are responsible for the
brane structural integrity of the membrane
10. The Phospholipid layer
prevents water
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, UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 Adv Patho Exam 1 with Verified Answers
soluble
molecules from
entering cells
across the
plasma
membrane
11. Prokaryote unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO or-
ganelles (include cyanobacteria, bacteria, and rickettsia)
12. Eukaryote organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;"
larger w/ intracellular anatomy
13. cellular receptors protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cyto-
plasm, or in the nucleus that can recognize and bind with
specific smaller molecules called ligands
14. 3 types of cellular plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors,
receptors non-channel-linked receptors
15. passive transport The movement of materials through a cell membrane
WITHOUT using energy; no-energy transport of un-
charged molecules through any semi-permeable barrier
(occurs down a concentration gradient)
16. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concen-
tration to an area of lower concentration.
17. concentration A difference in the concentration of a substance across a
gradient distance.
18. hydrostatic pres- the mechanical force of water PUSHING against cellular
sure membranes
19. Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable mem-
brane; from a region of higher water concentration to a
region of lower water concentration; directly r/t hydrostatic
pressure and solute concentration; PULL
20. active transport
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1. Seven specialized movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion,
cellular functions: excretion, respiration, and reproduction
2. Nucleus aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains
DNA (think the egg yolk)
3. Ribosomes RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide
sites for cellular protein synthesis; packages and modifies
protein for transportation and secretion
4. Endoplasmic specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein
Reticulum (ER) and lipid components of most of the cells organelles
(memory factory)
5. Golgi complex Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into
vesicles and transports within and outside of cell (refining
plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out of
cytoplasm)
6. Lysosomes An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and
remove wastes, digest debris from dead cells; if ruptured,
they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in
starvation
7. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP
(energy) production; pathway for metabolism of carbs,
lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive;
can grow and self-replicate in the cell
8. Cytoskeleton A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the
cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement; "bones and
muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
9. Characteristics of made up of lipids and proteins; the basic component is
plasma mem- a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are responsible for the
brane structural integrity of the membrane
10. The Phospholipid layer
prevents water
1/8
, UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 Adv Patho Exam 1 with Verified Answers
soluble
molecules from
entering cells
across the
plasma
membrane
11. Prokaryote unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO or-
ganelles (include cyanobacteria, bacteria, and rickettsia)
12. Eukaryote organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;"
larger w/ intracellular anatomy
13. cellular receptors protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cyto-
plasm, or in the nucleus that can recognize and bind with
specific smaller molecules called ligands
14. 3 types of cellular plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors,
receptors non-channel-linked receptors
15. passive transport The movement of materials through a cell membrane
WITHOUT using energy; no-energy transport of un-
charged molecules through any semi-permeable barrier
(occurs down a concentration gradient)
16. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concen-
tration to an area of lower concentration.
17. concentration A difference in the concentration of a substance across a
gradient distance.
18. hydrostatic pres- the mechanical force of water PUSHING against cellular
sure membranes
19. Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable mem-
brane; from a region of higher water concentration to a
region of lower water concentration; directly r/t hydrostatic
pressure and solute concentration; PULL
20. active transport
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