SJSU Kin 147 Exam 1
Where should the examiner place their hand during MMT? - ✔️✔️- in a position that
maximizes mechanical advantage by increasing moment arm of your resistance force
(*think class 3 lever)
-to resist the patient isometrically, the amount of torque you apply must match the
amount of torque the patient applies (this is static equalibrium)
How would you use 3D motion capture to quantify how much "sway" a concussed
participant has during gait? - ✔️✔️You measure a persons' center of mass sway in the
frontal plane
concentric contraction - ✔️✔️muscle shortens as it maintains tension
eccentric contraction - ✔️✔️muscle lengthens as it maintains tension
isometric contraction - ✔️✔️Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays
the same length
What type of contraction is used during MMT? - ✔️✔️-usually isometric contraction
-examinar places patient in optimal position and tries to "break" the patient by moving
them away from their isometric hold
Where should the participant be placed for manual muscle testing? - ✔️✔️-in a position
of advantage
-muscle is generally placed at optimum muscle length tension relationship
What does an MMT grade of zero signify? - ✔️✔️none- no visible or palpablwe
contraction
What does an MMT grade of 1 signify? - ✔️✔️trace- visible or palpable contraction with
no motion
What does an MMT grade of 2 signify? - ✔️✔️poor- full ROM, gravity eliminated
What does an MMT grade of 3 signify? - ✔️✔️fair- full ROM against gravity
What does an MMT grade of 4 signify? - ✔️✔️good- full ROM against gravity,
moderate resistance
, What does an MMT grade of 5 signify? - ✔️✔️normal- full ROM against gravity,
maximal resistance
T/F: You can modify a patients postion during a physical exam if they are unable to
place themselves in an optimal position by eliminating gravity - ✔️✔️True
Name different ways to assess muscle function? - ✔️✔️strength testing
manual muscle testing
dynamometry
electromyography
Torque equals... - ✔️✔️Force times moment arm
T=Fxd
T/F: muscle torque equals resistance torque - ✔️✔️true
What is dynamometry? - ✔️✔️the process of measuring forces that are doing work
Name 3 methods of dynamometry - ✔️✔️handheld
biodex
humac norm
isometric dynamometry - ✔️✔️push against immobile resistance
concentric dynamometry - ✔️✔️push against resistance; speed not consistent
eccentric dynamometry - ✔️✔️push against resistance; resistance wins
isokinetic - ✔️✔️push against resistance at constant speed
What type of dynamometry measure is the most common? - ✔️✔️isometric
dynamometry
What can dynamometry measure? - ✔️✔️peak force
average force
power (force/time)
time to force peak or decline (fatigue)
What is the gold standard for dynamometry? - ✔️✔️isoketic dynamometry
What are the advantages of isokinetic dynamometry? - ✔️✔️-able to compare between
subjects
Where should the examiner place their hand during MMT? - ✔️✔️- in a position that
maximizes mechanical advantage by increasing moment arm of your resistance force
(*think class 3 lever)
-to resist the patient isometrically, the amount of torque you apply must match the
amount of torque the patient applies (this is static equalibrium)
How would you use 3D motion capture to quantify how much "sway" a concussed
participant has during gait? - ✔️✔️You measure a persons' center of mass sway in the
frontal plane
concentric contraction - ✔️✔️muscle shortens as it maintains tension
eccentric contraction - ✔️✔️muscle lengthens as it maintains tension
isometric contraction - ✔️✔️Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays
the same length
What type of contraction is used during MMT? - ✔️✔️-usually isometric contraction
-examinar places patient in optimal position and tries to "break" the patient by moving
them away from their isometric hold
Where should the participant be placed for manual muscle testing? - ✔️✔️-in a position
of advantage
-muscle is generally placed at optimum muscle length tension relationship
What does an MMT grade of zero signify? - ✔️✔️none- no visible or palpablwe
contraction
What does an MMT grade of 1 signify? - ✔️✔️trace- visible or palpable contraction with
no motion
What does an MMT grade of 2 signify? - ✔️✔️poor- full ROM, gravity eliminated
What does an MMT grade of 3 signify? - ✔️✔️fair- full ROM against gravity
What does an MMT grade of 4 signify? - ✔️✔️good- full ROM against gravity,
moderate resistance
, What does an MMT grade of 5 signify? - ✔️✔️normal- full ROM against gravity,
maximal resistance
T/F: You can modify a patients postion during a physical exam if they are unable to
place themselves in an optimal position by eliminating gravity - ✔️✔️True
Name different ways to assess muscle function? - ✔️✔️strength testing
manual muscle testing
dynamometry
electromyography
Torque equals... - ✔️✔️Force times moment arm
T=Fxd
T/F: muscle torque equals resistance torque - ✔️✔️true
What is dynamometry? - ✔️✔️the process of measuring forces that are doing work
Name 3 methods of dynamometry - ✔️✔️handheld
biodex
humac norm
isometric dynamometry - ✔️✔️push against immobile resistance
concentric dynamometry - ✔️✔️push against resistance; speed not consistent
eccentric dynamometry - ✔️✔️push against resistance; resistance wins
isokinetic - ✔️✔️push against resistance at constant speed
What type of dynamometry measure is the most common? - ✔️✔️isometric
dynamometry
What can dynamometry measure? - ✔️✔️peak force
average force
power (force/time)
time to force peak or decline (fatigue)
What is the gold standard for dynamometry? - ✔️✔️isoketic dynamometry
What are the advantages of isokinetic dynamometry? - ✔️✔️-able to compare between
subjects
