Hemodynamics Exam Practice Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+

Hemodynamics Exam Practice Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+ What does the CVP measure? - Answers Right heart pressure What term literally means the movement of blood - Answers Hemodynamics List 3 non invasive means of hemodynamically monitoring - Answers Heart rate Blood pressure Perfusion List three invasive means of hemodynamically monitoring - Answers Pulmonary artery catheter Arterial line Central venous pressure Define preload - Answers The pressure that stretches the ventricular walls at onset of ventricular contraction (Tank of fluid) Define contractility - Answers Forcefulness of the heart muscle contracting under a constant load (Strength and rate) Define afterload - Answers The load against which the ventricles must contract (Resistance of vessel) Hemodynamic monitoring is performed to evaluate and identify what - Answers Intravascular fluid volume Cardiac function Vascular function Sudden changes in the patients hemodynamic status What are indications for hemodynamic monitoring - Answers Severe hypotension or hypertension Frequent ABG assessment In shock or resp failure Where does the distal lumen of the swans gan catheter lie - Answers In the pulmonary artery What does a pulmonary artery catheter do? - Answers Measures pulmonary artery pressures Aspirates mixed venous samples Injects medications Continuous monitoring of svo2 What is thermaldilution - Answers Technique for measuring QT for swan ganz What are indications for a pulmonary artery catheter - Answers Hemodynamically unstable Complex acute heart disease Acute, severe pulmonary disease Shock of all types if severe or prolonged Severe, multi system trauma or large-area burn injury Major systems dysfunction undergoing extensive operative procedures What different pressures can a swan ganz catheter measure - Answers CVP PAP PCWP Where is pulmonary artery catheter inserted - Answers Subclavian or internal jugular vein What is the normal pressure of the pulmonary artery - Answers 20-35/ 5-15 mm Hg When is the pulmonary artery catheter balloon inflated? - Answers Only when it is measuring PCWP What is normal wedge pressure - Answers 5-12 mmHg What causes pulmonary artery pressure to decrease - Answers Volume of blood ejected by the right ventricle decreases What causes pulmonary artery pressure to increase - Answers Pulmonary blood flow increases Pulmonary vascular resistance increases After load is associated with _________ - Answers Vascular resistance What can be used to estimate PCWP in some situations - Answers PAP diastolic When comparing PCWP and pap, what indicates non cardiac pulmonary edema - Answers Normal PCWP and increased pap What causes pulmonary capillary wedge pressure to decrease - Answers Right heart failure Cor pulmonale Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary hypertension Air embolism Hypovolemia What causes PCWP to increase - Answers Left heart failure Mitral valve stenosis CHF/ pulmonary edema High peep effects Hypervolemia What are the 2 common uses of an arterial catheter - Answers Measure systemic artery pressure Collect arterial blood gas samples What does the dicrotic notch on an arterial waveform represent - Answers Aortic Valve closure During the initial contraction of muscles there is no volume change, just pressure. What is this phase called in the arterial waveform - Answers Inotropic phase Describe the volume displacement phase - Answers Point at which muscle contraction actually causes fluid movement What is normal mean arterial pressure - Answers 70-110 mm Hg How do you calculate mean arterial pressure - Answers Diastolic BP + [(systolic - diastolic)/3] What is considered the minimum MAP needed to maintain adequate tissue perfusion - Answers 60 mmHg What are causes of decreased arterial pressure - Answers Absolute Hypovolemia ( blood loss, dehydration) Relative Hypovolemia (shock, vasodilation)