NURS 2063 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
STUDY GUIDE RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY
What is pathophysiology?
✔✔The study of homeostasis. What the body has to do to be at normal
operating range. Etiology of disease. What is normal and abnormal.
Hyponatremia symptoms
✔✔Causes brain swelling, weakness, and confusion
Normal Chloride levels
✔✔98-108meq/L
>108 Meq/L High Chloride levels
✔✔Hyperchloremia
<98 meq/L Low Chloride levels
✔✔Hypochloremia
3.5 - 5 mEq/liter
✔✔normal potassium levels
High potassium >5 meq/L
✔✔Hyperkalemia
<3.5 meq/L Low potassium
✔✔Hypokalemia
, 4-5 meq/L
✔✔normal calcium levels
>5 meq/L High calcium
✔✔Hypercalcemia
*muscles can spasm & tense up
<4 meq/L Low calcium
✔✔Hypocalcemia
*muscles are not as strong
Normal magnesium Levels
✔✔1.8-2.5 meq/L
How is fluid excreted from the body?
✔✔Insensible loss, peeing, sweating
Someone who has diarrhea and is throwing up a lot is displaying?
✔✔Dehydration
Electrolyte imblance
What is interstitial fluid?
✔✔Fluid in between the cells
STUDY GUIDE RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY
What is pathophysiology?
✔✔The study of homeostasis. What the body has to do to be at normal
operating range. Etiology of disease. What is normal and abnormal.
Hyponatremia symptoms
✔✔Causes brain swelling, weakness, and confusion
Normal Chloride levels
✔✔98-108meq/L
>108 Meq/L High Chloride levels
✔✔Hyperchloremia
<98 meq/L Low Chloride levels
✔✔Hypochloremia
3.5 - 5 mEq/liter
✔✔normal potassium levels
High potassium >5 meq/L
✔✔Hyperkalemia
<3.5 meq/L Low potassium
✔✔Hypokalemia
, 4-5 meq/L
✔✔normal calcium levels
>5 meq/L High calcium
✔✔Hypercalcemia
*muscles can spasm & tense up
<4 meq/L Low calcium
✔✔Hypocalcemia
*muscles are not as strong
Normal magnesium Levels
✔✔1.8-2.5 meq/L
How is fluid excreted from the body?
✔✔Insensible loss, peeing, sweating
Someone who has diarrhea and is throwing up a lot is displaying?
✔✔Dehydration
Electrolyte imblance
What is interstitial fluid?
✔✔Fluid in between the cells
