NUR3196 - Module 5 Test| Questions
and 100% Correct Verified Answers
aging - Answer -Decreased percent of total body water
-EX: Have less TBW, Decreased muscle mass, declined renal Aren't aware that they are
thirsty or need water Medications (more susceptible to dehydration)
edema - Answer Accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces
edema - Answer Decrease in plasma oncotic pressure, increase in capillary permeability,
lymph channel obstruction, increased in capillary hydrostatic pressure are the causes of
what?
edema - Answer Localized: Lungs/ feet/ legs vs. Generalized whole body
sodium - Answer -Primary ECF cation (+)
-Regulates osmotic balance
-Role in nerve impulse conduction
sodium and chloride - Answer ___ and ___ have to stay balanced. They
react proportionally. EX: ____ increases -> _____ increases
chloride - Answer -Primary ECF anion (-)
,-Regulates osmotic balance
-Role in acid-base balance
aldosterone - Answer - controls Na concentration ; mineral corticoid released when
BP or blood volume decrease, causes Na + and H2O to be reabsorbed
Natriuretic peptides - Answer - increase Na & water excretion = hormones produced
by the myocardium (heart) ; antagonist of the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system;
increases sodium and water secretion (decrease in Na+ & H2O)
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answer -Water balance maintained by ____ secretion
-Found in posterior pituitary, going to increase water reabsorption into the plasma
and maintain water balance
isotonic alterations in Na+ , Cl-, & Water Balance - Answer balanced plasma
0.9% sodium chloride - isotonic solution
Most common a. Fluid Loss: hemorrhage • Sweating • inadequate fluid intake b. Fluid
Gain: • Excess IV fluids
Hypertonic alterations in Na+ , Cl-, & Water Balance - Answer -increase osmolality
-Hypernatremia
-H2O deficit in ECF (dehydration)
-More salt
Hypotonic alterations in Na+ , Cl-, & Water Balance - Answer -decreased osmolality
-Hyponatremia
-H2O excess in ECF (cerebral edema)
-Less salt
, hypotonic - Answer hypo = hippo = fat
cell expands
hypertonic - Answer more salt = snail
shrivels cell shrinks
fluid replacements - Answer General considerations for?
-All routes
-fluid intake & loss
-Requirements = Daily H2O, Electrolyte, Protein
-Patient's weight & caloric needs - Body surface area - Illness - Surgery
crystalloids - Answer -Use: short -term maintenance therapy • Treat: intracellular
dehydration & electrolyte imbalance
-isotonic: only fluid and electrolytes (0.9% NS saline/ LR/ D5W) -Hypotonic state:
need to give patients who need less salt (0.45% NS saline)
-Hypertonic state: need to give who need more salt (3% NS saline); treats hyponatrimia
Dextrose - Answer ___ that's mixed with anything but water becomes hypertonic **
colloids - Answer -Contains protein & large
molecules -Increase osmolarity
-Blood and blood products; Albumin (creates higher pressure in capillary beds and
sucks up fluid from interstitial space)
Na+ - Answer 135 - 145 mEq/L
and 100% Correct Verified Answers
aging - Answer -Decreased percent of total body water
-EX: Have less TBW, Decreased muscle mass, declined renal Aren't aware that they are
thirsty or need water Medications (more susceptible to dehydration)
edema - Answer Accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces
edema - Answer Decrease in plasma oncotic pressure, increase in capillary permeability,
lymph channel obstruction, increased in capillary hydrostatic pressure are the causes of
what?
edema - Answer Localized: Lungs/ feet/ legs vs. Generalized whole body
sodium - Answer -Primary ECF cation (+)
-Regulates osmotic balance
-Role in nerve impulse conduction
sodium and chloride - Answer ___ and ___ have to stay balanced. They
react proportionally. EX: ____ increases -> _____ increases
chloride - Answer -Primary ECF anion (-)
,-Regulates osmotic balance
-Role in acid-base balance
aldosterone - Answer - controls Na concentration ; mineral corticoid released when
BP or blood volume decrease, causes Na + and H2O to be reabsorbed
Natriuretic peptides - Answer - increase Na & water excretion = hormones produced
by the myocardium (heart) ; antagonist of the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system;
increases sodium and water secretion (decrease in Na+ & H2O)
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answer -Water balance maintained by ____ secretion
-Found in posterior pituitary, going to increase water reabsorption into the plasma
and maintain water balance
isotonic alterations in Na+ , Cl-, & Water Balance - Answer balanced plasma
0.9% sodium chloride - isotonic solution
Most common a. Fluid Loss: hemorrhage • Sweating • inadequate fluid intake b. Fluid
Gain: • Excess IV fluids
Hypertonic alterations in Na+ , Cl-, & Water Balance - Answer -increase osmolality
-Hypernatremia
-H2O deficit in ECF (dehydration)
-More salt
Hypotonic alterations in Na+ , Cl-, & Water Balance - Answer -decreased osmolality
-Hyponatremia
-H2O excess in ECF (cerebral edema)
-Less salt
, hypotonic - Answer hypo = hippo = fat
cell expands
hypertonic - Answer more salt = snail
shrivels cell shrinks
fluid replacements - Answer General considerations for?
-All routes
-fluid intake & loss
-Requirements = Daily H2O, Electrolyte, Protein
-Patient's weight & caloric needs - Body surface area - Illness - Surgery
crystalloids - Answer -Use: short -term maintenance therapy • Treat: intracellular
dehydration & electrolyte imbalance
-isotonic: only fluid and electrolytes (0.9% NS saline/ LR/ D5W) -Hypotonic state:
need to give patients who need less salt (0.45% NS saline)
-Hypertonic state: need to give who need more salt (3% NS saline); treats hyponatrimia
Dextrose - Answer ___ that's mixed with anything but water becomes hypertonic **
colloids - Answer -Contains protein & large
molecules -Increase osmolarity
-Blood and blood products; Albumin (creates higher pressure in capillary beds and
sucks up fluid from interstitial space)
Na+ - Answer 135 - 145 mEq/L
