CPN EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 250 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Cephalocaudally - ANSWER: Developing from head to toe (head control, then sitting,
then walking)
Proximodistally - ANSWER: Developing from the trunk to the tips of the extremities
(moving arms and legs before picking things up with fingers)
from the general to the specific - ANSWER: crawling, then walking, then skipping
bone age - ANSWER: determined by x-ray of tarsals and carpals, can help diagnose
precocious puberty
adjusted/corrected age - ANSWER: chronologic age - weeks born prematurely, <37
weeks is considered premature
Used for the first two years of life
Types of growth chart - ANSWER: length: used for 0-36 months
height: used for 3 years and older
General principals of weight - ANSWER: weight at 6 months is DOUBLE the birth
weight
weight at 1 year is TRIPLE the birth weight
BMI for age - ANSWER: >85% is overweight
>95% is OBESE
Average birth length - ANSWER: 20 inches
Growth in first year of life - ANSWER: 10 inches
Growth in 2nd year of life - ANSWER: 5 inches
Growth every year from 3rd year until puberty - ANSWER: 2.5 inches
Growth red flags - ANSWER: recheck, notify other HCP, Patient family education
includings risk factors, anticipatory guidance, nutrition counseling
infant social milestones - ANSWER: 2 months: instinctual smile
3 months: social smile
4 months: laughs
4-6 months: exhibits stranger anxiety
10-12 months: claps hands, waves bye-bye
,infant language cognition - ANSWER: 3 months - begins to babble
6 months - babbling in response to conversation
7-9 months - cause and effect (plays game)
10-12 months - points to objects when named, says "mama"/"dada" says 5 words
infant physical milestones - ANSWER: 2 months - lifts head, posterior fontanel closes
3 months - tracks objects
4 months - rakes objects, grasps rattle, begins to roll over
8 months - sits without support
9 months -pincer grasp, crawls, stands holding on
10-12 months - claps hands, pulls self up, may take first steps
infantile reflexes - ANSWER: present in full term infant at birth, disappear by 4
months
moro reflex - ANSWER: startle with loid noise or sudden movement, infant will
extend all limb and spread fingers, then retract limbs
parachute reflex - ANSWER: emerges by 5-6 months and is sustained
when slowly lowering the infant face and head down, infant extends both arms as to
protect from falling
tonic neck reflex (dab) - ANSWER: supine with head turned to one side, infant will
flex arm and leg on opposite side of body and will extend the arm and leg on the side
the infant is facing
Babinski reflex - ANSWER: toes hyperextend when stroking foot, disappears within
18 months
toddler social development - ANSWER: egocentric, reduction of "stranger anxiety" as
long as parent is present, development of "separation anxiety" when apart from
parent, temper tantrums
toddler language/composition - ANSWER: 12 months: says 5 words
18 months: says 50 words
24 months: says 400 words, uses 2-3 word sentences
says own name
toddler physical development - ANSWER: 12-18 months: anterior fontanel closes
12-16 months: walks
18-24 months: shows interest in toilet training
21 months: climbs stairs`
toilet training - ANSWER: 2-3 yrs old develops daytime dryness
less than 2 years old is too young to potty train
, preschool social development - ANSWER: awareness of others increases, begins
taking turns, begins to develop a conscious, wants praise from others, fearful of body
integrity (cover holes, use bandaids)
preschool language composition - ANSWER: knows 11,000 words, begins to sing
ABC's, knows its gender
-should be modest in terms of own body, aka no one should touch you except mom,
dad, nurse, and doctor
preschool physical/motor - ANSWER: 3 years: rides a tricycle, builds a tower of 6
blocks
5 years: dresses self, runs, hops, etc
school age social development - ANSWER: teacher is a major non-parental influence,
group activities are a focus, morality develops, abstract thinking develops at 10-12
school age language - ANSWER: develops sense of time and space, understands
consequences of actions, reads and spells, enjoys games with strategy
female puberty - ANSWER: breast development is first sign at an average of 10 years
old, height spurt happens at approximately 12 years, precocious puberty is 1st
pubertal sign <7 years in Caucasian girls and <6 years in AA girls
male puberty - ANSWER: testicular growth is 1st sign at an average of 11 years,
height spurt is 3rd sign and is about 2 years later than girls, precocious puberty is
first pubertal sign <9 years old
adolescent social development - ANSWER: intense interest in peer group and
perception of others, peer contact and involvement becomes increasingly important
adolescent sexuality development - ANSWER: sexual behavior and experimentation
may be homosexual and heterosexual and is not necessarily related to sexual
orientation, most states teens can be treated without parental knowledge or
consent
adolescent language and composition - ANSWER: self-image concept changes with
changing body, egocentric, uses past experiences when making decisions
adolescent physical/motor - ANSWER: rapid increase in height and weight, see
pubertal milestones discussed previously
psychosocial development - ANSWER: infant: trust
toddler: autonomy
preschooler: initiative
school age: focus is achievement
adolescent: focus is identity development
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Cephalocaudally - ANSWER: Developing from head to toe (head control, then sitting,
then walking)
Proximodistally - ANSWER: Developing from the trunk to the tips of the extremities
(moving arms and legs before picking things up with fingers)
from the general to the specific - ANSWER: crawling, then walking, then skipping
bone age - ANSWER: determined by x-ray of tarsals and carpals, can help diagnose
precocious puberty
adjusted/corrected age - ANSWER: chronologic age - weeks born prematurely, <37
weeks is considered premature
Used for the first two years of life
Types of growth chart - ANSWER: length: used for 0-36 months
height: used for 3 years and older
General principals of weight - ANSWER: weight at 6 months is DOUBLE the birth
weight
weight at 1 year is TRIPLE the birth weight
BMI for age - ANSWER: >85% is overweight
>95% is OBESE
Average birth length - ANSWER: 20 inches
Growth in first year of life - ANSWER: 10 inches
Growth in 2nd year of life - ANSWER: 5 inches
Growth every year from 3rd year until puberty - ANSWER: 2.5 inches
Growth red flags - ANSWER: recheck, notify other HCP, Patient family education
includings risk factors, anticipatory guidance, nutrition counseling
infant social milestones - ANSWER: 2 months: instinctual smile
3 months: social smile
4 months: laughs
4-6 months: exhibits stranger anxiety
10-12 months: claps hands, waves bye-bye
,infant language cognition - ANSWER: 3 months - begins to babble
6 months - babbling in response to conversation
7-9 months - cause and effect (plays game)
10-12 months - points to objects when named, says "mama"/"dada" says 5 words
infant physical milestones - ANSWER: 2 months - lifts head, posterior fontanel closes
3 months - tracks objects
4 months - rakes objects, grasps rattle, begins to roll over
8 months - sits without support
9 months -pincer grasp, crawls, stands holding on
10-12 months - claps hands, pulls self up, may take first steps
infantile reflexes - ANSWER: present in full term infant at birth, disappear by 4
months
moro reflex - ANSWER: startle with loid noise or sudden movement, infant will
extend all limb and spread fingers, then retract limbs
parachute reflex - ANSWER: emerges by 5-6 months and is sustained
when slowly lowering the infant face and head down, infant extends both arms as to
protect from falling
tonic neck reflex (dab) - ANSWER: supine with head turned to one side, infant will
flex arm and leg on opposite side of body and will extend the arm and leg on the side
the infant is facing
Babinski reflex - ANSWER: toes hyperextend when stroking foot, disappears within
18 months
toddler social development - ANSWER: egocentric, reduction of "stranger anxiety" as
long as parent is present, development of "separation anxiety" when apart from
parent, temper tantrums
toddler language/composition - ANSWER: 12 months: says 5 words
18 months: says 50 words
24 months: says 400 words, uses 2-3 word sentences
says own name
toddler physical development - ANSWER: 12-18 months: anterior fontanel closes
12-16 months: walks
18-24 months: shows interest in toilet training
21 months: climbs stairs`
toilet training - ANSWER: 2-3 yrs old develops daytime dryness
less than 2 years old is too young to potty train
, preschool social development - ANSWER: awareness of others increases, begins
taking turns, begins to develop a conscious, wants praise from others, fearful of body
integrity (cover holes, use bandaids)
preschool language composition - ANSWER: knows 11,000 words, begins to sing
ABC's, knows its gender
-should be modest in terms of own body, aka no one should touch you except mom,
dad, nurse, and doctor
preschool physical/motor - ANSWER: 3 years: rides a tricycle, builds a tower of 6
blocks
5 years: dresses self, runs, hops, etc
school age social development - ANSWER: teacher is a major non-parental influence,
group activities are a focus, morality develops, abstract thinking develops at 10-12
school age language - ANSWER: develops sense of time and space, understands
consequences of actions, reads and spells, enjoys games with strategy
female puberty - ANSWER: breast development is first sign at an average of 10 years
old, height spurt happens at approximately 12 years, precocious puberty is 1st
pubertal sign <7 years in Caucasian girls and <6 years in AA girls
male puberty - ANSWER: testicular growth is 1st sign at an average of 11 years,
height spurt is 3rd sign and is about 2 years later than girls, precocious puberty is
first pubertal sign <9 years old
adolescent social development - ANSWER: intense interest in peer group and
perception of others, peer contact and involvement becomes increasingly important
adolescent sexuality development - ANSWER: sexual behavior and experimentation
may be homosexual and heterosexual and is not necessarily related to sexual
orientation, most states teens can be treated without parental knowledge or
consent
adolescent language and composition - ANSWER: self-image concept changes with
changing body, egocentric, uses past experiences when making decisions
adolescent physical/motor - ANSWER: rapid increase in height and weight, see
pubertal milestones discussed previously
psychosocial development - ANSWER: infant: trust
toddler: autonomy
preschooler: initiative
school age: focus is achievement
adolescent: focus is identity development
