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HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXIT EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS BANK WITH ALL VERSIONS 2024-2025
ACTUAL EXAM 600 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
FUNDAMENTALS HESI
What would be an appropriate action for the nurse prior to
performing deep tracheal suctioning due to increased secretions?
a) Apply negative pressure as the catheter is being inserted.
b) Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning.
c) Deflate the cuff of the tracheotomy during suctioning.
d) Instill acetylcysteine into the tracheotomy before suctioning.
- ANSWER- Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning.
Rationale; Preoxygenation and deep breathing assist in
reducing suction-induced hypoxemia because it decreases the
risk of atelectasis caused by negative pressure of suctioning.
Deflating the cuff is not necessary and there is no reason to
instill acetylcysteine into the tracheotomy before suctioning.
Pressure is applied only with the removal of the catheter
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A client is being discharged after abdominal surgery and
colostomy formation to treat colon cancer. Which nursing action
is most likely to promote continuity of care?
a) Advocating for the client by ordering Meals on Wheels 5
days a week
b) Notifying the American Cancer Society (Canadian Cancer
Society) of the client's diagnosis
c) Asking the physician to write an order for home skilled
nursing assessments and interventions
d) Asking an occupational therapist to evaluate the client at
home - ANSWER- Asking the physician to write an order for
home skilled nursing assessments and interventions
Rationale; Many clients are discharged from acute care settings
so quickly that they don't receive complete instructions.
Therefore, the first priority is to arrange for home health care.
The American Cancer Society (Canadian Cancer Society) often
sponsors support groups, which are helpful when the person is
ready. However, contacting this organization would break client
confidentiality, and even with the client's consent does not take
precedence over ensuring proper home health care. Advocating
for Meals On Wheels and asking for an occupational therapy
evaluation are important, but these actions can occur later in
rehabilitation.
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The nurse has provided an in-service presentation to ancillary
staff about standard precautions on the birthing unit. The nurse
determines that one of the staff members needs further
instructions when the nurse makes which observation?
a) placement of bloody sheets in a container designated for
contaminated linens
b) use of protective goggles during a cesarean birth
c) disposal of used scalpel blades in a puncture-resistant
container
d) wearing of sterile gloves to bathe a neonate at 2 hours of age
- ANSWER- wearing of sterile gloves to bathe a neonate at 2
hours of age
Rationale; One of the staff members needs further instructions
when the nurse observes the staff member wearing sterile gloves
to bathe a neonate at 2 hours of age. Clean gloves should be
worn, not sterile gloves. Sterile gloves are more expensive than
clean gloves and are not necessary when bathing a neonate.
For the past 24 hours, a client with dry skin and dry mucous
membranes has had a urine output of 600 ml and a fluid intake
of 800 ml. The client's urine is dark amber. These assessments
indicate which nursing diagnosis?
a) Deficient fluid volume
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b) Excess fluid volume
c) Impaired urinary elimination
d) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements -
ANSWER- Deficient fluid volume
Rationale; Dark, concentrated urine, dry mucous membranes,
and a urine output of less than 30 ml/hour (720 ml/24 hours) are
symptoms of dehydration or Deficient fluid volume. Decreased
urine output is related to deficient fluid volume, not Impaired
urinary elimination. Nothing in the scenario suggests a
nutritional problem. If a fluid volume excess were present,
manifestations would most likely include signs of fluid overload
such as edema
A client with cancer-related pain has been prescribed a narcotic
analgesic to be given around the clock. The client is competent
and has been actively involved in decisions regarding care. What
should the nurse do if the client refuses the next dose of
analgesia?
a) Ask the client's spouse wife to hold the client's hands while
the nurse puts the pill under the tongue.
b) Emphasize the rationale for taking the medication now as
ordered.
c) Try to persuade the client to take the medication as ordered
by the doctor.
HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXIT EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS BANK WITH ALL VERSIONS 2024-2025
ACTUAL EXAM 600 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
FUNDAMENTALS HESI
What would be an appropriate action for the nurse prior to
performing deep tracheal suctioning due to increased secretions?
a) Apply negative pressure as the catheter is being inserted.
b) Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning.
c) Deflate the cuff of the tracheotomy during suctioning.
d) Instill acetylcysteine into the tracheotomy before suctioning.
- ANSWER- Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning.
Rationale; Preoxygenation and deep breathing assist in
reducing suction-induced hypoxemia because it decreases the
risk of atelectasis caused by negative pressure of suctioning.
Deflating the cuff is not necessary and there is no reason to
instill acetylcysteine into the tracheotomy before suctioning.
Pressure is applied only with the removal of the catheter
,2|Page
A client is being discharged after abdominal surgery and
colostomy formation to treat colon cancer. Which nursing action
is most likely to promote continuity of care?
a) Advocating for the client by ordering Meals on Wheels 5
days a week
b) Notifying the American Cancer Society (Canadian Cancer
Society) of the client's diagnosis
c) Asking the physician to write an order for home skilled
nursing assessments and interventions
d) Asking an occupational therapist to evaluate the client at
home - ANSWER- Asking the physician to write an order for
home skilled nursing assessments and interventions
Rationale; Many clients are discharged from acute care settings
so quickly that they don't receive complete instructions.
Therefore, the first priority is to arrange for home health care.
The American Cancer Society (Canadian Cancer Society) often
sponsors support groups, which are helpful when the person is
ready. However, contacting this organization would break client
confidentiality, and even with the client's consent does not take
precedence over ensuring proper home health care. Advocating
for Meals On Wheels and asking for an occupational therapy
evaluation are important, but these actions can occur later in
rehabilitation.
,3|Page
The nurse has provided an in-service presentation to ancillary
staff about standard precautions on the birthing unit. The nurse
determines that one of the staff members needs further
instructions when the nurse makes which observation?
a) placement of bloody sheets in a container designated for
contaminated linens
b) use of protective goggles during a cesarean birth
c) disposal of used scalpel blades in a puncture-resistant
container
d) wearing of sterile gloves to bathe a neonate at 2 hours of age
- ANSWER- wearing of sterile gloves to bathe a neonate at 2
hours of age
Rationale; One of the staff members needs further instructions
when the nurse observes the staff member wearing sterile gloves
to bathe a neonate at 2 hours of age. Clean gloves should be
worn, not sterile gloves. Sterile gloves are more expensive than
clean gloves and are not necessary when bathing a neonate.
For the past 24 hours, a client with dry skin and dry mucous
membranes has had a urine output of 600 ml and a fluid intake
of 800 ml. The client's urine is dark amber. These assessments
indicate which nursing diagnosis?
a) Deficient fluid volume
, 4|Page
b) Excess fluid volume
c) Impaired urinary elimination
d) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements -
ANSWER- Deficient fluid volume
Rationale; Dark, concentrated urine, dry mucous membranes,
and a urine output of less than 30 ml/hour (720 ml/24 hours) are
symptoms of dehydration or Deficient fluid volume. Decreased
urine output is related to deficient fluid volume, not Impaired
urinary elimination. Nothing in the scenario suggests a
nutritional problem. If a fluid volume excess were present,
manifestations would most likely include signs of fluid overload
such as edema
A client with cancer-related pain has been prescribed a narcotic
analgesic to be given around the clock. The client is competent
and has been actively involved in decisions regarding care. What
should the nurse do if the client refuses the next dose of
analgesia?
a) Ask the client's spouse wife to hold the client's hands while
the nurse puts the pill under the tongue.
b) Emphasize the rationale for taking the medication now as
ordered.
c) Try to persuade the client to take the medication as ordered
by the doctor.
