TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
AFAA Personal Trainer Certification
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Myocardial Infarction - Answer✔️✔️-Hear attack occurs due to lack of blood flow through
the coronary arteries to the heart muscle
Ischemia - Answer✔️✔️-lack of blood flow
Stroke Volume - Answer✔️✔️-the amount of blood pumped with each beat or systole
Cardiac Output - Answer✔️✔️-heart rate x stroke volume. usually measured in liters (or
milileters) of blood pumped per minute
Venous Return - Answer✔️✔️-The amount of blood returned to the heart by the veins
Valsalva Maneuver - Answer✔️✔️-occurs when a person holds his or her breath during a
strenuous activity, such as lifting weights or shoveling snow
Minute Ventilation - Answer✔️✔️-total amount of air breathed per minute
Residual lung volume - Answer✔️✔️-amount of air remaining in the lungs after a
complete and total forced exhale
Forced vital capacity - Answer✔️✔️-amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a
maximal inahle
Total lung capacity - Answer✔️✔️-sum of the residual volume and the forced vital
capacity
Glucose - Answer✔️✔️-body's usable form of carbohydrate
,TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
Lactic Acid - Answer✔️✔️-produced in muscles during rapid exercise when the body
cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues
Glycolysis - Answer✔️✔️-a metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and
sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release
energy for the body in the form of ATP
Mitochondria - Answer✔️✔️-a subcellular structure where oxidation takes place
Beta oxidation - Answer✔️✔️-A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-
carbon fragments that enter the citric acid cycle as acetyl CoA.
Krebs cycle - Answer✔️✔️-the acetyl CoA formed in the first component of aerobic
metabolism enters into the citric acid cycle
Electron transport system - Answer✔️✔️-the final sequence of reactions in the aerobic
production of ATP
Maximal oxygen uptake - Answer✔️✔️-the maximum amount of oxygen consumed and
utilized by the body during an all-out effort to exhaustion
Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption - Answer✔️✔️-additional oxygen consumed
immediately after an exercise bout when the body is no longer exercising
Sarcomere - Answer✔️✔️-each section of a myofibril in muscle
Actin - Answer✔️✔️-structural protein that makes up the thin filaments of myofibrils;
functions in muscle contraction
,TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
Anatomical Position - Answer✔️✔️-standing position with hands down and palms facing
forward
Supine - Answer✔️✔️-lying on the spine
Prone - Answer✔️✔️-lying face down
Axial Skeleton - Answer✔️✔️-part of the skeleton that contains skull, vertebral column,
ribs, and sternum
Synovial joints - Answer✔️✔️-have a small space between the articulating bones that
allows for a greater range of motion
Cartilage - Answer✔️✔️-a white, semi-opaque, fibrous connective tissue that cushions
the joints and prevents wear on the joint surfaces
Synovial membrane - Answer✔️✔️-secretes synovial fluid which provides nourishment,
lubrication, and hydrotastic cushioning for the joint
Bursae - Answer✔️✔️-liquid-filled membranes that protect soft tissues as they pass by
bony projections
Ligament - Answer✔️✔️-band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone and provides
joint stability.
Tendon - Answer✔️✔️-dense, fibrous connective tissue that forms the end of a muscle
and attaches muscle to bone
Fascia - Answer✔️✔️-fibrous connective tissue that forms sheaths for individual muscles.
, TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
Circuit Weight Training - Answer✔️✔️-resistance exercises performed one after the other
without rest for approximately 20 minutes
Muscular Strength - Answer✔️✔️-maximum force a muscle or muscle group can generate
at one time
Muscle Endurance - Answer✔️✔️-capacity to sustain repeated muscle actions, as in
push-ups or sit ups, or sustain fixed, static muscle actions for an extended period of
time
Muscle Power - Answer✔️✔️-explosive aspect of strength, is the product of strength and
speed of movement
Muscle Stability - Answer✔️✔️-ability of a muscle or muscle group to stabilize a joint and
maintain its position without movement. (to perform a sustained isometric contraction)
Muscle hypertrophy - Answer✔️✔️-an increase in the muscle fiber size, specifically an
increased cross-sectional area resulting from increased myofibrilis
Overload Principle - Answer✔️✔️-increasing the intensity (resistance), frequency, or
duration of the training above the levels normally expected
Specificity - Answer✔️✔️-specific adaptions in the metabolic and neuromuscular systems
depending on the type of program or exercises that are performed
Volume - Answer✔️✔️-total number of repetitions performed multiplied by the total
amount of weight, or resistance, used during a single training session. (Reps x Weight =
Volume)
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
AFAA Personal Trainer Certification
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Myocardial Infarction - Answer✔️✔️-Hear attack occurs due to lack of blood flow through
the coronary arteries to the heart muscle
Ischemia - Answer✔️✔️-lack of blood flow
Stroke Volume - Answer✔️✔️-the amount of blood pumped with each beat or systole
Cardiac Output - Answer✔️✔️-heart rate x stroke volume. usually measured in liters (or
milileters) of blood pumped per minute
Venous Return - Answer✔️✔️-The amount of blood returned to the heart by the veins
Valsalva Maneuver - Answer✔️✔️-occurs when a person holds his or her breath during a
strenuous activity, such as lifting weights or shoveling snow
Minute Ventilation - Answer✔️✔️-total amount of air breathed per minute
Residual lung volume - Answer✔️✔️-amount of air remaining in the lungs after a
complete and total forced exhale
Forced vital capacity - Answer✔️✔️-amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a
maximal inahle
Total lung capacity - Answer✔️✔️-sum of the residual volume and the forced vital
capacity
Glucose - Answer✔️✔️-body's usable form of carbohydrate
,TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
Lactic Acid - Answer✔️✔️-produced in muscles during rapid exercise when the body
cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues
Glycolysis - Answer✔️✔️-a metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and
sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release
energy for the body in the form of ATP
Mitochondria - Answer✔️✔️-a subcellular structure where oxidation takes place
Beta oxidation - Answer✔️✔️-A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-
carbon fragments that enter the citric acid cycle as acetyl CoA.
Krebs cycle - Answer✔️✔️-the acetyl CoA formed in the first component of aerobic
metabolism enters into the citric acid cycle
Electron transport system - Answer✔️✔️-the final sequence of reactions in the aerobic
production of ATP
Maximal oxygen uptake - Answer✔️✔️-the maximum amount of oxygen consumed and
utilized by the body during an all-out effort to exhaustion
Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption - Answer✔️✔️-additional oxygen consumed
immediately after an exercise bout when the body is no longer exercising
Sarcomere - Answer✔️✔️-each section of a myofibril in muscle
Actin - Answer✔️✔️-structural protein that makes up the thin filaments of myofibrils;
functions in muscle contraction
,TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
Anatomical Position - Answer✔️✔️-standing position with hands down and palms facing
forward
Supine - Answer✔️✔️-lying on the spine
Prone - Answer✔️✔️-lying face down
Axial Skeleton - Answer✔️✔️-part of the skeleton that contains skull, vertebral column,
ribs, and sternum
Synovial joints - Answer✔️✔️-have a small space between the articulating bones that
allows for a greater range of motion
Cartilage - Answer✔️✔️-a white, semi-opaque, fibrous connective tissue that cushions
the joints and prevents wear on the joint surfaces
Synovial membrane - Answer✔️✔️-secretes synovial fluid which provides nourishment,
lubrication, and hydrotastic cushioning for the joint
Bursae - Answer✔️✔️-liquid-filled membranes that protect soft tissues as they pass by
bony projections
Ligament - Answer✔️✔️-band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone and provides
joint stability.
Tendon - Answer✔️✔️-dense, fibrous connective tissue that forms the end of a muscle
and attaches muscle to bone
Fascia - Answer✔️✔️-fibrous connective tissue that forms sheaths for individual muscles.
, TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
Circuit Weight Training - Answer✔️✔️-resistance exercises performed one after the other
without rest for approximately 20 minutes
Muscular Strength - Answer✔️✔️-maximum force a muscle or muscle group can generate
at one time
Muscle Endurance - Answer✔️✔️-capacity to sustain repeated muscle actions, as in
push-ups or sit ups, or sustain fixed, static muscle actions for an extended period of
time
Muscle Power - Answer✔️✔️-explosive aspect of strength, is the product of strength and
speed of movement
Muscle Stability - Answer✔️✔️-ability of a muscle or muscle group to stabilize a joint and
maintain its position without movement. (to perform a sustained isometric contraction)
Muscle hypertrophy - Answer✔️✔️-an increase in the muscle fiber size, specifically an
increased cross-sectional area resulting from increased myofibrilis
Overload Principle - Answer✔️✔️-increasing the intensity (resistance), frequency, or
duration of the training above the levels normally expected
Specificity - Answer✔️✔️-specific adaptions in the metabolic and neuromuscular systems
depending on the type of program or exercises that are performed
Volume - Answer✔️✔️-total number of repetitions performed multiplied by the total
amount of weight, or resistance, used during a single training session. (Reps x Weight =
Volume)
