N5315 Advanced Pathophysiology -Hemostasis Part II,
Hypersensitivities, Arachidonic Pathway, Solid Organ Transplant
Rejection, AIDS Tests 100% Solved
The coagulation cascade Correct-What is the 2nd arm of hemostasis?
12 Correct-How many coagulation factors are there?
They are plasma proteins; most produced in the liver Correct-What are the coagulation
factors made of?
In order of discovery. Correct-How are the coagulation factors named?
Zymogens Correct-What are coagulation factors in an inactive form?
With a after factor roman numeral (ex. Va is activated factor V). Correct-How is an
activated zymogen noted as?
Extrinsic pathway Correct-What is considered the primary pathway of coagulation?
,When Tissue Factor is exposed at the site of injury Correct-When is the extrinsic pathway
activated?
Tissue Factor (III) exposed; binds with VII to form TF/VIIa complex; TF/VIIa activates X-Xa; Xa
binds with Va and calcium to form prothrombinase complex; prothrombinase complex
converts factor II (prothrombin) to IIa (thrombin); IIa then activates 4 factors (I - fibrinogen to
Ia - fibrin; factors V, VIII and XIII); fibrin (Ia) placed over platelet plug and XIIIa stabilizes the
fibrin Correct-What is the process of the extrinsic pathway?
No Correct-Does a deficiency in factor XII (Hageman factor) cause bleeding?
To enhance the extrinsic pathway Correct-What is the main function of the intrinsic
pathway?
When the blood is exposed to negative charges which are found on the molecules of ADP and
ATP. Correct-When is the intrinsic pathway activated?
,Exposure activates XII (Hageman factor); XIIa then activates XI; XIa activates IX; IXa then
activates X; XA then forms the prothrombinase complex in the common pathway Correct-
What is the process of the intrinsic pathway?
The process of carboxylation Correct-What must vitamin K dependent coagulation factors
undergo in order to be a functional protein?
Prior to the time a factor would be activated and is essentially part of the maturation of the
protein Correct-When does carboxylation occur?
They will not be functional proteins and cannot participate in the coagulation process.
Correct-What happens if vitamin K dependent coagulation factors do not undergo
carboxylation?
The change of glutamate to y-carboxygluatmate (which occurs after the translation of
glutamate) in the vitamin K dependent proteins involved in the coagulation process.
Correct-What is carboxylation?
, Factors II, VII, IX, X , protein C and protein S. Vitamin K is required as a co-factor and works
with the enzyme carboxylase to complete carboxylation. Correct-What are the vitamin K
dependent proteins?
It must be reduced by vitamin K oxide reductase Correct-What must happen to Vitamin K
in order for it to be used in carboxylation?
Warfarin Correct-What drug inhibits vitamin K reduction?
It blocks the genetic coding for vitamin K oxide reductase thus decreasing the amount
available to reduce vitamin K; a lack of reduced vitamin K prevents the process of
carboxylation and decreases the amount of functional vitamin K dependent coagulation
factors; increases the risk of bleeding Correct-How does warfarin work on the coagulation
process?
A deficient amount of coagulation factors and an increased risk of bleeding. Correct-What
does a vitamin K deficiency lead to?
Hypersensitivities, Arachidonic Pathway, Solid Organ Transplant
Rejection, AIDS Tests 100% Solved
The coagulation cascade Correct-What is the 2nd arm of hemostasis?
12 Correct-How many coagulation factors are there?
They are plasma proteins; most produced in the liver Correct-What are the coagulation
factors made of?
In order of discovery. Correct-How are the coagulation factors named?
Zymogens Correct-What are coagulation factors in an inactive form?
With a after factor roman numeral (ex. Va is activated factor V). Correct-How is an
activated zymogen noted as?
Extrinsic pathway Correct-What is considered the primary pathway of coagulation?
,When Tissue Factor is exposed at the site of injury Correct-When is the extrinsic pathway
activated?
Tissue Factor (III) exposed; binds with VII to form TF/VIIa complex; TF/VIIa activates X-Xa; Xa
binds with Va and calcium to form prothrombinase complex; prothrombinase complex
converts factor II (prothrombin) to IIa (thrombin); IIa then activates 4 factors (I - fibrinogen to
Ia - fibrin; factors V, VIII and XIII); fibrin (Ia) placed over platelet plug and XIIIa stabilizes the
fibrin Correct-What is the process of the extrinsic pathway?
No Correct-Does a deficiency in factor XII (Hageman factor) cause bleeding?
To enhance the extrinsic pathway Correct-What is the main function of the intrinsic
pathway?
When the blood is exposed to negative charges which are found on the molecules of ADP and
ATP. Correct-When is the intrinsic pathway activated?
,Exposure activates XII (Hageman factor); XIIa then activates XI; XIa activates IX; IXa then
activates X; XA then forms the prothrombinase complex in the common pathway Correct-
What is the process of the intrinsic pathway?
The process of carboxylation Correct-What must vitamin K dependent coagulation factors
undergo in order to be a functional protein?
Prior to the time a factor would be activated and is essentially part of the maturation of the
protein Correct-When does carboxylation occur?
They will not be functional proteins and cannot participate in the coagulation process.
Correct-What happens if vitamin K dependent coagulation factors do not undergo
carboxylation?
The change of glutamate to y-carboxygluatmate (which occurs after the translation of
glutamate) in the vitamin K dependent proteins involved in the coagulation process.
Correct-What is carboxylation?
, Factors II, VII, IX, X , protein C and protein S. Vitamin K is required as a co-factor and works
with the enzyme carboxylase to complete carboxylation. Correct-What are the vitamin K
dependent proteins?
It must be reduced by vitamin K oxide reductase Correct-What must happen to Vitamin K
in order for it to be used in carboxylation?
Warfarin Correct-What drug inhibits vitamin K reduction?
It blocks the genetic coding for vitamin K oxide reductase thus decreasing the amount
available to reduce vitamin K; a lack of reduced vitamin K prevents the process of
carboxylation and decreases the amount of functional vitamin K dependent coagulation
factors; increases the risk of bleeding Correct-How does warfarin work on the coagulation
process?
A deficient amount of coagulation factors and an increased risk of bleeding. Correct-What
does a vitamin K deficiency lead to?
