PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE
TEST BANK 2023
dura mater - ANSWER Outer layer of meninges, tough, fibrous, double layered.
dural sinuses - ANSWER Formed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous blood and
CSF for return to general circulation.
mediastinum (what is it) - ANSWER Area of thoracic cavity between lungs. Location
of trachea, esophagus, heart & large vessels
pericardial sac - ANSWER Fibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled, anchors heart
to diaphragm.
endocardium - ANSWER inner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
septum in heart - ANSWER separtes L & R sides of heart
SA node - other name - ANSWER pacemaker
sinus rhythm - ANSWER basic rate of impulses generated by SA node (70 beats
per minute)
location of sinoatrial node - ANSWER right atrium
Where does impulse go to after SA node - ANSWER Spreads through atrial
conduction pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it - ANSWER Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA
node sent it through atria
AV node - where is it - ANSWER Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the only
anatomical connection between atrial and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name - ANSWER Bundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do - ANSWER Records electrical changes sent by conduction
impulses as picked up by electrodes
apoptosis - ANSWER normal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous - ANSWER originating from within the body
exogenous - ANSWER originating from outside the body
gangrene - ANSWER necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
, hypoxia - ANSWER decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic - ANSWER caused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic - ANSWER no known cause
ischemia - ANSWER decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis - ANSWER destruction of a cell
lysosomal enzymes - ANSWER released into tissues undergoing lysis; cause
inflammation and damage to nearby cells and reduced function
morphologic - ANSWER structural
pathogenesis - ANSWER development of the disease or sequence of events
involved in the tissue changes related to the specific disease process
insidious - ANSWER Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with only vague or mild
signs, but with harmful effects. Ex: "the xx effects of stress"; hepatitis
subclinical - ANSWER pathologic changes occur but no obvious manifestations
exhibited, perhaps because of great reserve capacity of some organs. Ex: kidney
damage may progress to an advanced stage of renal failure before symptoms are
manifested.
latent - ANSWER silent stage, no clinical signs evident. May be called incubation
period in some infectious diseases. May be communicable during this period.
prodromal - ANSWER time in early development of disease; pt know of change in
body, but signs are nonspecific; a stage in infections. Labs tests are negative,
difficult to confirm diagnosis.
manifestations - ANSWER clinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms, local
or systemic
lesion - ANSWER specific local change in tissue, may be microscopic
syndrome - ANSWER collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than
one organ. Usually occur together in response to a certain condition.
remission - ANSWER manifestations of the disease subside
exacerbation - ANSWER manifestations of the disease increase
precipitating factor - ANSWER condition that triggers an acute episode. Ex -
shoveling snow on a cold day may trigger an MI
complications - ANSWER new secondary or additional problems. Ex - following an
MI, pt may develop congestive heart failure, which is a(n) xx.
TEST BANK 2023
dura mater - ANSWER Outer layer of meninges, tough, fibrous, double layered.
dural sinuses - ANSWER Formed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous blood and
CSF for return to general circulation.
mediastinum (what is it) - ANSWER Area of thoracic cavity between lungs. Location
of trachea, esophagus, heart & large vessels
pericardial sac - ANSWER Fibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled, anchors heart
to diaphragm.
endocardium - ANSWER inner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
septum in heart - ANSWER separtes L & R sides of heart
SA node - other name - ANSWER pacemaker
sinus rhythm - ANSWER basic rate of impulses generated by SA node (70 beats
per minute)
location of sinoatrial node - ANSWER right atrium
Where does impulse go to after SA node - ANSWER Spreads through atrial
conduction pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it - ANSWER Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA
node sent it through atria
AV node - where is it - ANSWER Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the only
anatomical connection between atrial and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name - ANSWER Bundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do - ANSWER Records electrical changes sent by conduction
impulses as picked up by electrodes
apoptosis - ANSWER normal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous - ANSWER originating from within the body
exogenous - ANSWER originating from outside the body
gangrene - ANSWER necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
, hypoxia - ANSWER decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic - ANSWER caused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic - ANSWER no known cause
ischemia - ANSWER decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis - ANSWER destruction of a cell
lysosomal enzymes - ANSWER released into tissues undergoing lysis; cause
inflammation and damage to nearby cells and reduced function
morphologic - ANSWER structural
pathogenesis - ANSWER development of the disease or sequence of events
involved in the tissue changes related to the specific disease process
insidious - ANSWER Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with only vague or mild
signs, but with harmful effects. Ex: "the xx effects of stress"; hepatitis
subclinical - ANSWER pathologic changes occur but no obvious manifestations
exhibited, perhaps because of great reserve capacity of some organs. Ex: kidney
damage may progress to an advanced stage of renal failure before symptoms are
manifested.
latent - ANSWER silent stage, no clinical signs evident. May be called incubation
period in some infectious diseases. May be communicable during this period.
prodromal - ANSWER time in early development of disease; pt know of change in
body, but signs are nonspecific; a stage in infections. Labs tests are negative,
difficult to confirm diagnosis.
manifestations - ANSWER clinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms, local
or systemic
lesion - ANSWER specific local change in tissue, may be microscopic
syndrome - ANSWER collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than
one organ. Usually occur together in response to a certain condition.
remission - ANSWER manifestations of the disease subside
exacerbation - ANSWER manifestations of the disease increase
precipitating factor - ANSWER condition that triggers an acute episode. Ex -
shoveling snow on a cold day may trigger an MI
complications - ANSWER new secondary or additional problems. Ex - following an
MI, pt may develop congestive heart failure, which is a(n) xx.
