PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE
TEST BANK 2023
Which of the following relate to a change in cell size? Select all that apply.
A. Metaplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Dysplasia
E. Hypertrophy - ANSWER C and E
An echocardiogram reveals Charles, an ultramarathon runner, has an enlarged left
ventricle. As this increase in ventricle size is supported by increased blood flow and
ATP production due to the training Charles has undertaken this increase in heart
size demonstrates _______________.
A. Physiological hyperplasia
B. Pathological hypertrophy
C. Physiological hypertrophy
D. Benign neoplasia
E. Pathological metaplasia - ANSWER C. Physiological hypertrophy
A friend comes to you concerned, as her recent Pap tests revealed the presence of
cervical dysplasia. Which of the following response to your friend's comment is
correct?
A. Dysplasia is basically the same as cancer
B. Dysplasia indicates a change in the cellular appearance
C. Dysplasia indicates cancer cells have metastasized
D. Dysplasia indicates a benign form of cancerous growth
E. Dysplasia indicates one cell type has been replaced by another cell type -
ANSWER B. Dysplasia indicates a change in the cellular appearance
Cell injury occurs when cells are exposed to severe stress that no longer allows
them to maintain homeostasis. What basic changes occur as a result of cell injury?
Select all that apply.
A. Inadequate oxygen diffusion at the alveoli
B. Increase in mitochondria number
C. Cellular swelling
D. Defects in protein synthesis
E. Dysfunction of the sodium-potassium pump - ANSWER C. Cellular swelling, D.
Defects in protein synthesis, & E. Dysfunction in the sodium potassium pump
Which of the following are examples of necrosis? Select all that apply.
A. Cellular turnover at the surface of the skin
B. Third-degree burn
C. Changes in ovarian cells during menopause
D. Myocardial cell damage caused by myocardial infarction
E. Cell death caused by exposure to snake venom - ANSWER B. Third-degree
burn, D. Myocardial cell damage caused by myocardial infarction, & E. Cell death
caused by exposure to snake venom
, Where does transcription take place? - ANSWER Nucleus
Where does translation take place? - ANSWER Cytoplasm
At the end of mitosis how many chromosomes are there?
A. 23
B. 46
C. 52
D. 21 - ANSWER B. 46
Which statement is true for meiosis?
A. Meiosis occurs from the splitting of haploid cells
B. Meiosis creates 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes
C. Meiosis creates somatic cells
D. Meiosis creates gametes - ANSWER D. Meiosis creates gametes
What is this an example of: Blonde hair, blue eyes, pale skin, short stature, etc. -
ANSWER Phenotype
What is this an example of: Sickle cell disease, Down's Syndrome - ANSWER
Genotype
Which statement is true about x-linked recessive
A. The trait is seen more in females
B. The father always gives the trait to the son
C. Females cannot carry the trait
D. The gene is passed from affected fathers to all daughters - ANSWER D. The
gene is passed from affected fathers to all daughters
What is etiology? - ANSWER Original cause of a cellular alteration or disease
What is histology? - ANSWER Microscopic study of tissues and cells
What are pathognomonic changes? - ANSWER Unique histological findings that
represent distinct disease processes
Atrophy: - ANSWER ADAPTATION in which cells revert to a smaller size as a
result of their changing metabolic requirements or environment
Hypertrophy: - ANSWER Increase in individual cell size that results in enlargement
of functioning tissue mass --> greater metabolic demand and energy needs
What is an example of physiological hypertrophy? - ANSWER Increased muscle
mass due to exercise; muscle is adequately supplied with blood due to angiogenesis
What is pathological hypertrophy? - ANSWER Increase in cellular size without an
increase in the supportive structures necessary for the enlarged cell's increased
metabolic needs
TEST BANK 2023
Which of the following relate to a change in cell size? Select all that apply.
A. Metaplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Dysplasia
E. Hypertrophy - ANSWER C and E
An echocardiogram reveals Charles, an ultramarathon runner, has an enlarged left
ventricle. As this increase in ventricle size is supported by increased blood flow and
ATP production due to the training Charles has undertaken this increase in heart
size demonstrates _______________.
A. Physiological hyperplasia
B. Pathological hypertrophy
C. Physiological hypertrophy
D. Benign neoplasia
E. Pathological metaplasia - ANSWER C. Physiological hypertrophy
A friend comes to you concerned, as her recent Pap tests revealed the presence of
cervical dysplasia. Which of the following response to your friend's comment is
correct?
A. Dysplasia is basically the same as cancer
B. Dysplasia indicates a change in the cellular appearance
C. Dysplasia indicates cancer cells have metastasized
D. Dysplasia indicates a benign form of cancerous growth
E. Dysplasia indicates one cell type has been replaced by another cell type -
ANSWER B. Dysplasia indicates a change in the cellular appearance
Cell injury occurs when cells are exposed to severe stress that no longer allows
them to maintain homeostasis. What basic changes occur as a result of cell injury?
Select all that apply.
A. Inadequate oxygen diffusion at the alveoli
B. Increase in mitochondria number
C. Cellular swelling
D. Defects in protein synthesis
E. Dysfunction of the sodium-potassium pump - ANSWER C. Cellular swelling, D.
Defects in protein synthesis, & E. Dysfunction in the sodium potassium pump
Which of the following are examples of necrosis? Select all that apply.
A. Cellular turnover at the surface of the skin
B. Third-degree burn
C. Changes in ovarian cells during menopause
D. Myocardial cell damage caused by myocardial infarction
E. Cell death caused by exposure to snake venom - ANSWER B. Third-degree
burn, D. Myocardial cell damage caused by myocardial infarction, & E. Cell death
caused by exposure to snake venom
, Where does transcription take place? - ANSWER Nucleus
Where does translation take place? - ANSWER Cytoplasm
At the end of mitosis how many chromosomes are there?
A. 23
B. 46
C. 52
D. 21 - ANSWER B. 46
Which statement is true for meiosis?
A. Meiosis occurs from the splitting of haploid cells
B. Meiosis creates 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes
C. Meiosis creates somatic cells
D. Meiosis creates gametes - ANSWER D. Meiosis creates gametes
What is this an example of: Blonde hair, blue eyes, pale skin, short stature, etc. -
ANSWER Phenotype
What is this an example of: Sickle cell disease, Down's Syndrome - ANSWER
Genotype
Which statement is true about x-linked recessive
A. The trait is seen more in females
B. The father always gives the trait to the son
C. Females cannot carry the trait
D. The gene is passed from affected fathers to all daughters - ANSWER D. The
gene is passed from affected fathers to all daughters
What is etiology? - ANSWER Original cause of a cellular alteration or disease
What is histology? - ANSWER Microscopic study of tissues and cells
What are pathognomonic changes? - ANSWER Unique histological findings that
represent distinct disease processes
Atrophy: - ANSWER ADAPTATION in which cells revert to a smaller size as a
result of their changing metabolic requirements or environment
Hypertrophy: - ANSWER Increase in individual cell size that results in enlargement
of functioning tissue mass --> greater metabolic demand and energy needs
What is an example of physiological hypertrophy? - ANSWER Increased muscle
mass due to exercise; muscle is adequately supplied with blood due to angiogenesis
What is pathological hypertrophy? - ANSWER Increase in cellular size without an
increase in the supportive structures necessary for the enlarged cell's increased
metabolic needs
