NUR 313 Newborn Nutrition and Feeding
Review Questions and Correct Answers
What is the best food for babies and how long should they recieve it? ✅Breast milk
and for 6 months
Even though its recommended, do most mothers breastfeed for the recommended 6
months? ✅No
What are some benefits of breastfeeding over bottle feeding for the infant?
✅Decreased incidence of infectious diseases
Reduced infant mortality including SIDS
Decreased incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Decreased incidence of leukemias and lymphomas
Reduced risk of obesity and hypercholesterolemia
Decreased incidence of asthma and allergies
Enhanced cognitive development
Analgesic effect for painful procedures
What are some benefits of breastfeeding over bottle feeding for the mother?
✅Decreased post partum bleeding (because of the release of oxytocin)
More rapid uterine involution
Reduced risk of ovarian and breast cancer
Lower risk of hyertension and cardiovascular disease
Earlier return to pre-pregnancy weight (?)
Decreased risk of osteoporosis
Unique bonding experience
What are some benefits of breastfeeding over bottle feeding for society? ✅Convenient,
ready to feed
No bottles or other equipment
Less expensive than infant formula
Less parental absence from work because of ill infant
Reduced environmental burden related to disposal of formula cans
What kind of things affect the decision to breastfeed? ✅The desire to select the same
feeding method for all their children
The support from their partner is a major factor
Cultural Factors
The mother's knowledge about the health benefits to the infant and her comfort level
with breastfeeding in social settings
, What are some barriers to breastfeeding? ✅Lack of social support for breastfeeding
Widespread marketing by infant formula companies
--even though they don't have as much as breastmilk does
Lack of prenatal breastfeeding education
Insufficient training and education of health care professionals about breastfeeding
Employment and the need to return to work after birth
Pain, Lifestyle incompatibility
Why do most women choose to formula feed over breastfeeding? (3) ✅Because they
often have incomplete information and understanding of the benefits of breastfeeding.
--it is important that the nurse addresses this and teaches them about the benefits of
breastfeeding
Due to cultural beliefs or misconceptions
Some view formula feeding as a way to ensure that the father or other members of the
family can help feed the baby
--teach them about ways that the parents can with breastfeeding
When is breastfeeding contraindicated? (6) ✅Newborns with galactosemia
Mothers who are positive for human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1 or 2
Mothers with untreated brucellosis
Mothers with active tuberculosis
Mothers with active herpes simplex lesions on the breasts
Mothers with HIV infection
--considered a contraindication in the US
--in other countries, sometimes the benefits of breastfeeding overrules the HIV
When immigrants come to the US, why do they sometimes choose to bottlefeed rather
than breastfeed? ✅Because they want to appear more modern or adapt to US culture
What are some cultural beliefs about breastmilk? ✅The harmful nature or inadequacy
of colostrum
Combining breastmilk and commercial infant formula
Specific food intake to foster milk production
What are the fluid needs per day at birth and 10 days after birth? ✅At birth: 60-80
ml/kg/day
10 days after: 100-150 ml/kg/day
--this only really applies to bottle feeding
How much energy does an infant need per day for both bottle and breast? ✅20
kcals/day
What is the most common carbohydrate for infants to get and supplies them with the
most calories? ✅Lactose
Review Questions and Correct Answers
What is the best food for babies and how long should they recieve it? ✅Breast milk
and for 6 months
Even though its recommended, do most mothers breastfeed for the recommended 6
months? ✅No
What are some benefits of breastfeeding over bottle feeding for the infant?
✅Decreased incidence of infectious diseases
Reduced infant mortality including SIDS
Decreased incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Decreased incidence of leukemias and lymphomas
Reduced risk of obesity and hypercholesterolemia
Decreased incidence of asthma and allergies
Enhanced cognitive development
Analgesic effect for painful procedures
What are some benefits of breastfeeding over bottle feeding for the mother?
✅Decreased post partum bleeding (because of the release of oxytocin)
More rapid uterine involution
Reduced risk of ovarian and breast cancer
Lower risk of hyertension and cardiovascular disease
Earlier return to pre-pregnancy weight (?)
Decreased risk of osteoporosis
Unique bonding experience
What are some benefits of breastfeeding over bottle feeding for society? ✅Convenient,
ready to feed
No bottles or other equipment
Less expensive than infant formula
Less parental absence from work because of ill infant
Reduced environmental burden related to disposal of formula cans
What kind of things affect the decision to breastfeed? ✅The desire to select the same
feeding method for all their children
The support from their partner is a major factor
Cultural Factors
The mother's knowledge about the health benefits to the infant and her comfort level
with breastfeeding in social settings
, What are some barriers to breastfeeding? ✅Lack of social support for breastfeeding
Widespread marketing by infant formula companies
--even though they don't have as much as breastmilk does
Lack of prenatal breastfeeding education
Insufficient training and education of health care professionals about breastfeeding
Employment and the need to return to work after birth
Pain, Lifestyle incompatibility
Why do most women choose to formula feed over breastfeeding? (3) ✅Because they
often have incomplete information and understanding of the benefits of breastfeeding.
--it is important that the nurse addresses this and teaches them about the benefits of
breastfeeding
Due to cultural beliefs or misconceptions
Some view formula feeding as a way to ensure that the father or other members of the
family can help feed the baby
--teach them about ways that the parents can with breastfeeding
When is breastfeeding contraindicated? (6) ✅Newborns with galactosemia
Mothers who are positive for human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1 or 2
Mothers with untreated brucellosis
Mothers with active tuberculosis
Mothers with active herpes simplex lesions on the breasts
Mothers with HIV infection
--considered a contraindication in the US
--in other countries, sometimes the benefits of breastfeeding overrules the HIV
When immigrants come to the US, why do they sometimes choose to bottlefeed rather
than breastfeed? ✅Because they want to appear more modern or adapt to US culture
What are some cultural beliefs about breastmilk? ✅The harmful nature or inadequacy
of colostrum
Combining breastmilk and commercial infant formula
Specific food intake to foster milk production
What are the fluid needs per day at birth and 10 days after birth? ✅At birth: 60-80
ml/kg/day
10 days after: 100-150 ml/kg/day
--this only really applies to bottle feeding
How much energy does an infant need per day for both bottle and breast? ✅20
kcals/day
What is the most common carbohydrate for infants to get and supplies them with the
most calories? ✅Lactose
