BIO100 Learning Curve study guide
1. What is the best definition of a superstition?
an irrational belief that an action, not logically related to a course of events,
can influence its outcome
2. The proposed explanation for a phenomenon is BEST described as:
A hypothesis
3. If a researcher collects data by using the same experimental setup as in another study,
but using different research subjects, the process is considered: replication
4. Individuals that make scientific sounding claims that are not supported by trustworthy
methodical scientific studies is known as what? Pseudoscience
5. Empirical knowledge is knowledge that is based on experience and observation. Which of
the following are characteristics of reliable empirical data? It is repeatable. It is testable. It is
rational.
6. What comes next in the scientific method after the completion of
experimentation? Review the hypothesis in light of data gathered
7. The greater the number of repeated scientific studies with the same results,
The more likely the results are significant, and not due to random chance.
8. Statistical methods make it possible to: determine how likely it is that a certain results have
occurred by chance
9. Which of the following statements could NOT arise from making
scientific observations?
a) Human twins have exactly the same DNA.
b) The hair on my legs grew to a length of 1 cm in 3 days after shaving if off.
c) The quartz crystal I had in my pocket today increased the likelihood
of life being discovered on other planets by ten times.
d) There are tiny creatures visible under a microscope that can't be seen by
the naked eye.
e) I sneezed two separate times today, and both times I sneezed three
sneezes in a row.
10. Bonnie is preparing dinner and begins to wonder why cutting onions always makes her cry.
Using the scientific method, she decides to explore and hopefully answer this question. What is
a statement that represents a reasonable testable prediction for Bonnie's experiment? If you cut
onions around a human, it will make them cry.
,11. By applying scientific thinking, one should be able to: determine whether eating more meat
makes you grow taller.
12. In the late 1950s, a doctor reported in the Journal of the American
Medical Association that stomach ulcers could be effectively treated by
having a patient swallow a balloon connected to some tubes that circulated
a refrigerated fluid. He argued that, by super-cooling the stomach, acid
production was reduced and the ulcer relieved. All 24 of his patients who
received the treatment were healed. Why does this fall short of qualifying as
an example of the scientific method?
A. There was no control group with which to compare his patients who
received the treatment.
B. There were not enough experimental subjects to draw a definitive
conclusion.
C. All of the patients were aware of the treatment they received.
D. Although there was a control group, it was not randomly selected.
E. All of the above are correct.
13. If your hypothesis is "Echinacea reduces the duration and severity of the
symptoms of the common cold," what is your null hypothesis? Echinacea has no
effect on the duration or severity of the symptoms of the common cold.
14. You would have a richer understanding of which of the following social
and political issues if you increased your biological literacy? All of the above
are correct
15. By 1796 it had been observed that milk maids who had been exposed to
cowpox did not succumb to the deadly plague of smallpox that was ravishing
both Europe and Britain. From this observation, Edward Jenner was able to
construct the world's first successful vaccine. Imagne that you are Jenner.
Based on this observation in milkmaids, formulate a hypothesis that (as we
know from history) will ultimately lead you to the creation of the vaccine. -
Jenner observed that milkmaids exposed to cowpox were immune to smallpox; this gave him the
idea that if other individuals were exposed to cowpox they should also have immunity against
smallpox.
16. In scientific thinking, which of the following are not subject to revision?
Obervations
, 1. Which of the following is not among the big four elements that make up
the human body? Calcium
2. Buffers are substances that minimize the changes that occur in H+ and
OH- concentrations. A buffer works by accepting from the solution when
there is an excess and donating them when there is a deficiency. Hydrogen
ions
3. True or False: Cellulose cannot be digested by humans. True, because
cellulose has a molecular structure that makes it impossible for humans to digest.
4. The most effective way to reduce risk of is to limit our intake of
.
heart disease, saturated fats
5. A peptide bond is a bond between two
. covalent; amino acids
6. All of the following are features of RNA except: a coiled double-
stranded structure.
7. The second orbital shell of an atom can hold electrons? (enter a
numeral) 8
8. A nasty trick to play on a water strider bug is to add detergent to a puddle on
which the strider is standing. Water striders are light enough to stand on the
water's surface. Adding a detergent or other surfactant to the puddle would
cause the water strider to sink. What must a surfactant do to change the water
surface? It must cause the hydrogen bonds between surface water
molecules to break.
9. Unlike humans, termites are able to extract energy from wood because: they
have some microorganisms living in their gut that are able to break down cellulose.
10. Lipids are made up of long hydrocarbon chains, composed of all carbon
and hydrogen atoms. This characteristic makes lipids insoluble in water ("oil
and water don't mix") because: hydrocarbons are non-polar.
11. Your body can manufacture certain amino acids as they are needed, others
must come from your diet. The amino acids that come from your diet are
known as: essential amino acids.
12. Which of the following molecules contains all of the following
elements: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and phosphate? ribonucleic
acid
13. The atomic number of carbon is 6. Its nucleus MUST contain: 6 protons
14. A lake in rural Maine drops in pH from 7 to 5 as a result of acid rain falling
into it. How has the H+ ion concentration changed as a result of the acid rain? The
H+ ion concentration has increased 100 times its starting concentration.
1. What is the best definition of a superstition?
an irrational belief that an action, not logically related to a course of events,
can influence its outcome
2. The proposed explanation for a phenomenon is BEST described as:
A hypothesis
3. If a researcher collects data by using the same experimental setup as in another study,
but using different research subjects, the process is considered: replication
4. Individuals that make scientific sounding claims that are not supported by trustworthy
methodical scientific studies is known as what? Pseudoscience
5. Empirical knowledge is knowledge that is based on experience and observation. Which of
the following are characteristics of reliable empirical data? It is repeatable. It is testable. It is
rational.
6. What comes next in the scientific method after the completion of
experimentation? Review the hypothesis in light of data gathered
7. The greater the number of repeated scientific studies with the same results,
The more likely the results are significant, and not due to random chance.
8. Statistical methods make it possible to: determine how likely it is that a certain results have
occurred by chance
9. Which of the following statements could NOT arise from making
scientific observations?
a) Human twins have exactly the same DNA.
b) The hair on my legs grew to a length of 1 cm in 3 days after shaving if off.
c) The quartz crystal I had in my pocket today increased the likelihood
of life being discovered on other planets by ten times.
d) There are tiny creatures visible under a microscope that can't be seen by
the naked eye.
e) I sneezed two separate times today, and both times I sneezed three
sneezes in a row.
10. Bonnie is preparing dinner and begins to wonder why cutting onions always makes her cry.
Using the scientific method, she decides to explore and hopefully answer this question. What is
a statement that represents a reasonable testable prediction for Bonnie's experiment? If you cut
onions around a human, it will make them cry.
,11. By applying scientific thinking, one should be able to: determine whether eating more meat
makes you grow taller.
12. In the late 1950s, a doctor reported in the Journal of the American
Medical Association that stomach ulcers could be effectively treated by
having a patient swallow a balloon connected to some tubes that circulated
a refrigerated fluid. He argued that, by super-cooling the stomach, acid
production was reduced and the ulcer relieved. All 24 of his patients who
received the treatment were healed. Why does this fall short of qualifying as
an example of the scientific method?
A. There was no control group with which to compare his patients who
received the treatment.
B. There were not enough experimental subjects to draw a definitive
conclusion.
C. All of the patients were aware of the treatment they received.
D. Although there was a control group, it was not randomly selected.
E. All of the above are correct.
13. If your hypothesis is "Echinacea reduces the duration and severity of the
symptoms of the common cold," what is your null hypothesis? Echinacea has no
effect on the duration or severity of the symptoms of the common cold.
14. You would have a richer understanding of which of the following social
and political issues if you increased your biological literacy? All of the above
are correct
15. By 1796 it had been observed that milk maids who had been exposed to
cowpox did not succumb to the deadly plague of smallpox that was ravishing
both Europe and Britain. From this observation, Edward Jenner was able to
construct the world's first successful vaccine. Imagne that you are Jenner.
Based on this observation in milkmaids, formulate a hypothesis that (as we
know from history) will ultimately lead you to the creation of the vaccine. -
Jenner observed that milkmaids exposed to cowpox were immune to smallpox; this gave him the
idea that if other individuals were exposed to cowpox they should also have immunity against
smallpox.
16. In scientific thinking, which of the following are not subject to revision?
Obervations
, 1. Which of the following is not among the big four elements that make up
the human body? Calcium
2. Buffers are substances that minimize the changes that occur in H+ and
OH- concentrations. A buffer works by accepting from the solution when
there is an excess and donating them when there is a deficiency. Hydrogen
ions
3. True or False: Cellulose cannot be digested by humans. True, because
cellulose has a molecular structure that makes it impossible for humans to digest.
4. The most effective way to reduce risk of is to limit our intake of
.
heart disease, saturated fats
5. A peptide bond is a bond between two
. covalent; amino acids
6. All of the following are features of RNA except: a coiled double-
stranded structure.
7. The second orbital shell of an atom can hold electrons? (enter a
numeral) 8
8. A nasty trick to play on a water strider bug is to add detergent to a puddle on
which the strider is standing. Water striders are light enough to stand on the
water's surface. Adding a detergent or other surfactant to the puddle would
cause the water strider to sink. What must a surfactant do to change the water
surface? It must cause the hydrogen bonds between surface water
molecules to break.
9. Unlike humans, termites are able to extract energy from wood because: they
have some microorganisms living in their gut that are able to break down cellulose.
10. Lipids are made up of long hydrocarbon chains, composed of all carbon
and hydrogen atoms. This characteristic makes lipids insoluble in water ("oil
and water don't mix") because: hydrocarbons are non-polar.
11. Your body can manufacture certain amino acids as they are needed, others
must come from your diet. The amino acids that come from your diet are
known as: essential amino acids.
12. Which of the following molecules contains all of the following
elements: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and phosphate? ribonucleic
acid
13. The atomic number of carbon is 6. Its nucleus MUST contain: 6 protons
14. A lake in rural Maine drops in pH from 7 to 5 as a result of acid rain falling
into it. How has the H+ ion concentration changed as a result of the acid rain? The
H+ ion concentration has increased 100 times its starting concentration.
