Options for Animals Test Questions
What are the borders of the bony vertebral canal? - answer- Vertebral body
- Pedicles
- Laminae
- SP
What are the boundaries of the IVF? - answer- Pedicular notches
- Ligamentum flavum
- Joint capsule of facet
- Disc
What are the contents of the IVF? - answer- Spinal nerve
- Radicular nerve
- Recurrent meningeal nerve
- DRG
- Intervertebral veins
- Spinal artery
- Lymph vessels
- Cerebral spinal fluid
- Dural extensions
- CT
- Intraforaminal ligament
What are the components of a motor unit? - answer- Supraspinous ligament
- Interspinous ligament
- Facet joint
- Joint capsule
- IVF
- Interarcuate foramen
- Cranial vertebrae
- Caudal vertebrae
- Nucleus pulposus
- Annulus fibrosus
- Dorsal longitudinal ligament
- Ventral longitudinal ligament
What are the 3 anatomic variances that allow for greater motion in the equine pelvis? -
answer- Shorter last lumbar
- SP of lumbar angle cranially, SP of coccyx angle caudally
- NO supraspinous ligament L5-L6
, What are the 5 steps of a chiropractic physical exam? - answer- Postural analysis
- Spinal temperature
- Gait analysis
- Static palpation
- Motion palpation
What are the 3 major types of fixations? - answer- Fixed in normal alignment
- Decreased ROM
- Fixed outside of neutral unable to return to neutral
What ligament in the spine limits extension? - answerVentral longitudinal ligament
What is the vertebral level o the withers? - answerT3-T8
What is imbrication? - answerangle of SP becomes more acute
cranial SP overlaps caudal SP
What is the first most easily palpable SP in the thoracic region? - answerT3 - equine
T2 - canine
What is the first most easily palpable SP in the lumbar region? - answerL5 - equine
L6 - canine
Do horses get rib subluxations often? - answerNo (adjust thoracic 1st then check ribs)
How does a chiropractic adjustment decrease pain? - answermovement activates
mechanoreceptors which decreases nociception activation
(pain gate theory)
What is required for a healthy cell/muscle/nerve? - answeroxygen
glucose
FOF
What determines the frequency of firing? - answerpresynaptic pool
Sensory input (afferent) is (convergent/divergent)? - answerdivergent
Motor input (efferent) is (convergent/divergent)? - answerconvergent
What is the primary force on a quadraped? - answergravity (sheer force)
What are the borders of the bony vertebral canal? - answer- Vertebral body
- Pedicles
- Laminae
- SP
What are the boundaries of the IVF? - answer- Pedicular notches
- Ligamentum flavum
- Joint capsule of facet
- Disc
What are the contents of the IVF? - answer- Spinal nerve
- Radicular nerve
- Recurrent meningeal nerve
- DRG
- Intervertebral veins
- Spinal artery
- Lymph vessels
- Cerebral spinal fluid
- Dural extensions
- CT
- Intraforaminal ligament
What are the components of a motor unit? - answer- Supraspinous ligament
- Interspinous ligament
- Facet joint
- Joint capsule
- IVF
- Interarcuate foramen
- Cranial vertebrae
- Caudal vertebrae
- Nucleus pulposus
- Annulus fibrosus
- Dorsal longitudinal ligament
- Ventral longitudinal ligament
What are the 3 anatomic variances that allow for greater motion in the equine pelvis? -
answer- Shorter last lumbar
- SP of lumbar angle cranially, SP of coccyx angle caudally
- NO supraspinous ligament L5-L6
, What are the 5 steps of a chiropractic physical exam? - answer- Postural analysis
- Spinal temperature
- Gait analysis
- Static palpation
- Motion palpation
What are the 3 major types of fixations? - answer- Fixed in normal alignment
- Decreased ROM
- Fixed outside of neutral unable to return to neutral
What ligament in the spine limits extension? - answerVentral longitudinal ligament
What is the vertebral level o the withers? - answerT3-T8
What is imbrication? - answerangle of SP becomes more acute
cranial SP overlaps caudal SP
What is the first most easily palpable SP in the thoracic region? - answerT3 - equine
T2 - canine
What is the first most easily palpable SP in the lumbar region? - answerL5 - equine
L6 - canine
Do horses get rib subluxations often? - answerNo (adjust thoracic 1st then check ribs)
How does a chiropractic adjustment decrease pain? - answermovement activates
mechanoreceptors which decreases nociception activation
(pain gate theory)
What is required for a healthy cell/muscle/nerve? - answeroxygen
glucose
FOF
What determines the frequency of firing? - answerpresynaptic pool
Sensory input (afferent) is (convergent/divergent)? - answerdivergent
Motor input (efferent) is (convergent/divergent)? - answerconvergent
What is the primary force on a quadraped? - answergravity (sheer force)
