Microbiology StraighterLine unit 1
Microorganism - -Organisms too small to be seen by the naked eye
Less than 1mm
Unicellular
If multicellular thay lack different tissues
-acellular microorganisms - -viruses -protein and nucleic acid,
viroids - RNA
satellites -nucleic acid with a protein shell
prions- protein
-Cellular microorganisms - -fungi - yeast molds
protists - algae, Protozoa, slime molds
bacteria -E Coli
archaea - methanogens (natural gas)extreme environments
-prokaryotic cell - -cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-
bound organelles.
-Eukaryotic cells - -Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound
by membranes.
-Carl Woese - -Devised a system of classification based on the cellular
organization of organisms (bacteria and archaea)
-Protista Kingdom - -Single cell, microscopic organisms, EUkaryotic cells
-Bacteria - -Can be pathogens (Black Plague)
Human biome
Break down dead animal and plant cells
Used to make bread cheese antibiotics vitamins and enzymes
-Bacteria are abundant where - -Extreme sites of temperature PH and
salinity. Major part of human microbiome
-Domain Archaea - -One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic
cells that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic,
biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members are sometimes
referred to as archaea.
-Domain Eukarya - -Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei,
including protists, plants, fungi, and animals
-Major types of protists - -algae, protozoa, slime molds, water molds
, -Algae are - -photosynthetic and produce oxygen, foundation of aquatic
food chains
-Protozoa are - -single-celled microorganisms that are animal like and
motile; they ingest organic matter
-slime molds are - -protists that behave like Protozoa in one stage of life
and like a fungi in another
-Water molds are - -Protists that grow on the surface of fresh water and
moist soil. Feed on decaying vegetation. Produced the potato famine in 1847
-Fungi are - -Protists with metabolic capability. Can be unicellular (yeast) or
multicellular (molds and mushrooms)
-Fungi produce plant diseases such as - -Rusts, powdery mildew, smuts
-mycorrhizal fungi - -fungi that surround plant roots and help plants obtain
water and minerals (in poor soils)
-Viruses are - -acellular entities that must invade a host cell to multiply
-Viruses are composed of - -nucleic acids and proteins (10,000x smaller that
bacteria)
-Viral diseases include - -Common cold, influenza, pneumonia, and hepatitis
smallpox, rabies, AIDS
-Viroids are - -short infectious single stranded RNAs that can infect some
plants.
-satellite cells are composed of - -Nucleic acid enclosed in a protein shell
-Prions are - -an infectious protein I.e. mad cow, spongiform
encephalopathies
-Definition of Life - -Orderly structure, reproduce, metabolize
-extant organisms - -An organism that exists on Earth today.
-Life was present on earth - -3.5 billion years ago, early Archaean Era
-Geological and chemical processes in the oceans produced - -Hydrogen,
methane, carboxylic acids
Microorganism - -Organisms too small to be seen by the naked eye
Less than 1mm
Unicellular
If multicellular thay lack different tissues
-acellular microorganisms - -viruses -protein and nucleic acid,
viroids - RNA
satellites -nucleic acid with a protein shell
prions- protein
-Cellular microorganisms - -fungi - yeast molds
protists - algae, Protozoa, slime molds
bacteria -E Coli
archaea - methanogens (natural gas)extreme environments
-prokaryotic cell - -cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-
bound organelles.
-Eukaryotic cells - -Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound
by membranes.
-Carl Woese - -Devised a system of classification based on the cellular
organization of organisms (bacteria and archaea)
-Protista Kingdom - -Single cell, microscopic organisms, EUkaryotic cells
-Bacteria - -Can be pathogens (Black Plague)
Human biome
Break down dead animal and plant cells
Used to make bread cheese antibiotics vitamins and enzymes
-Bacteria are abundant where - -Extreme sites of temperature PH and
salinity. Major part of human microbiome
-Domain Archaea - -One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic
cells that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic,
biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members are sometimes
referred to as archaea.
-Domain Eukarya - -Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei,
including protists, plants, fungi, and animals
-Major types of protists - -algae, protozoa, slime molds, water molds
, -Algae are - -photosynthetic and produce oxygen, foundation of aquatic
food chains
-Protozoa are - -single-celled microorganisms that are animal like and
motile; they ingest organic matter
-slime molds are - -protists that behave like Protozoa in one stage of life
and like a fungi in another
-Water molds are - -Protists that grow on the surface of fresh water and
moist soil. Feed on decaying vegetation. Produced the potato famine in 1847
-Fungi are - -Protists with metabolic capability. Can be unicellular (yeast) or
multicellular (molds and mushrooms)
-Fungi produce plant diseases such as - -Rusts, powdery mildew, smuts
-mycorrhizal fungi - -fungi that surround plant roots and help plants obtain
water and minerals (in poor soils)
-Viruses are - -acellular entities that must invade a host cell to multiply
-Viruses are composed of - -nucleic acids and proteins (10,000x smaller that
bacteria)
-Viral diseases include - -Common cold, influenza, pneumonia, and hepatitis
smallpox, rabies, AIDS
-Viroids are - -short infectious single stranded RNAs that can infect some
plants.
-satellite cells are composed of - -Nucleic acid enclosed in a protein shell
-Prions are - -an infectious protein I.e. mad cow, spongiform
encephalopathies
-Definition of Life - -Orderly structure, reproduce, metabolize
-extant organisms - -An organism that exists on Earth today.
-Life was present on earth - -3.5 billion years ago, early Archaean Era
-Geological and chemical processes in the oceans produced - -Hydrogen,
methane, carboxylic acids
