Psychotherapy for the Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurse Kathleen
Wheeler Ch 2 Pt 1 Study Questions with Answers
The brainstem develops first in utero and is responsible for regulating - bodily function such as heart
rate, breathing, temperature, sleep, and states of alertness
All sensory info except for smell is routed through - the thalamus to the cerebral cortex
The thalamus mediates the interaction between - attention and arousal
neuroimaging studies have found decreased thalamic activity in subjects with - PTSD
Thalamic dysregulation can result in - memory problems, flashbacks, nightmares, avoidances, and
dissociation
The cerebellum is just above the brainstem and helps coordinate____ and process ____ - motor, social,
emotional, and cognitive functioning _______ implicit memory
The cerebellum is just above the brainstem and regulates - level of arousal, some reflexes, and
cardiovascular function
The cerebellar vermis is a worm-shaped structure between both parts of the cerebellum. This structure
helps regulate activity in the limbic system and is important for regulating - emotional balance,
attention, and posture
Reduced size of the cerebellar vermis is found in ____ - traumatized children
Reduced size of the cerebellar vermis is linked to - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism
The locus coeruleus is a dense group of neurons found on both sides of the pons in the brainstem
between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, with projections to - the amygdala, the prefrontal
cortex, and the hippocampus
, The locus coeruleus is activated by ___ and makes ___ - stress, norepi
The sympathoadrenal medullary (SAM) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
stimulation inhibit - frontal cortex functions, allowing instinctual responses to override cognition
(Associated w/ Locus Coeruleus) Complex feedback loops during acute stress, if unchecked, can result in
chronic - anxiety, fear, intrusive memories, and an increased risk for physical health problems, such as
hypertension, tachycardia, bladder infections, asthma, migraines, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel
syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, ulcers, and sleep, thermoregulation, and eating disorders
The Hippocampus is important for - explicit memory (i.e. personal hx narratives), reality testing, and
amygdala inhibition
Research has found that the hippocampus in traumatized individuals is smaller for those who have
suffered - physical or sexual abuse
Decreased functioning of the hippocampus is caused by - increased levels of cortisol combined with
other substances, such as glutamate, which damages dendrites in the hippocampus and eventually
causes cell death
Glucocorticoids secreted during a traumatic experience shut down - the hippocampus and make it
impossible for memory to be adaptively linked.
Decreased functioning of the hippocampus leads to - behavioral disinhibition and an inability to learn
from experience. Arousing stimuli are then perceived as threatening, and the person may react through
aggression or withdrawal
The limbic system is made up of - amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, orbital medial
prefrontal cortex (OMPFC), and anterior cingulate
The amygdala mediates - the crisis response and powerful emotions such as anger, fear, and rage
Wheeler Ch 2 Pt 1 Study Questions with Answers
The brainstem develops first in utero and is responsible for regulating - bodily function such as heart
rate, breathing, temperature, sleep, and states of alertness
All sensory info except for smell is routed through - the thalamus to the cerebral cortex
The thalamus mediates the interaction between - attention and arousal
neuroimaging studies have found decreased thalamic activity in subjects with - PTSD
Thalamic dysregulation can result in - memory problems, flashbacks, nightmares, avoidances, and
dissociation
The cerebellum is just above the brainstem and helps coordinate____ and process ____ - motor, social,
emotional, and cognitive functioning _______ implicit memory
The cerebellum is just above the brainstem and regulates - level of arousal, some reflexes, and
cardiovascular function
The cerebellar vermis is a worm-shaped structure between both parts of the cerebellum. This structure
helps regulate activity in the limbic system and is important for regulating - emotional balance,
attention, and posture
Reduced size of the cerebellar vermis is found in ____ - traumatized children
Reduced size of the cerebellar vermis is linked to - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism
The locus coeruleus is a dense group of neurons found on both sides of the pons in the brainstem
between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, with projections to - the amygdala, the prefrontal
cortex, and the hippocampus
, The locus coeruleus is activated by ___ and makes ___ - stress, norepi
The sympathoadrenal medullary (SAM) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
stimulation inhibit - frontal cortex functions, allowing instinctual responses to override cognition
(Associated w/ Locus Coeruleus) Complex feedback loops during acute stress, if unchecked, can result in
chronic - anxiety, fear, intrusive memories, and an increased risk for physical health problems, such as
hypertension, tachycardia, bladder infections, asthma, migraines, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel
syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, ulcers, and sleep, thermoregulation, and eating disorders
The Hippocampus is important for - explicit memory (i.e. personal hx narratives), reality testing, and
amygdala inhibition
Research has found that the hippocampus in traumatized individuals is smaller for those who have
suffered - physical or sexual abuse
Decreased functioning of the hippocampus is caused by - increased levels of cortisol combined with
other substances, such as glutamate, which damages dendrites in the hippocampus and eventually
causes cell death
Glucocorticoids secreted during a traumatic experience shut down - the hippocampus and make it
impossible for memory to be adaptively linked.
Decreased functioning of the hippocampus leads to - behavioral disinhibition and an inability to learn
from experience. Arousing stimuli are then perceived as threatening, and the person may react through
aggression or withdrawal
The limbic system is made up of - amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, orbital medial
prefrontal cortex (OMPFC), and anterior cingulate
The amygdala mediates - the crisis response and powerful emotions such as anger, fear, and rage
