PHARM FINAL 4 EXAM
Which type of bacteria have readily evolved and are most commonly resistant to
vancomycin (Vancocin)? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Spirochetes
b) Enterococci
c) Pseudomonas
d) Escherichia coli
The nurse is assessing a patient receiving erythromycin (E-mycin) for an infection. What
assessment finding requires immediate action by the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
a) Nausea
b) Stomach pain
c) Headache
d) Diarrhea
The critical concept in preventing the development of resistant strains of microbes is
what? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Exposure of pathogens to an antimicrobial agent
without cellular death
b) Drug dosages which are below a therapeutic level
c) The duration of drug use
d) Frequency of drug ingestion
A patient has endocarditis and is taking gentamicin. The nurse will be sure to monitor
which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Serum albumin level
b) Prothrombin time
c) Potassium level
d) Creatinine clearance
A patient is given tetracycline (Sumycin) to treat acne-related skin eruptions. How does
tetracycline work? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) It binds to the 30S ribosome to inhibit
protein synthesis.
b) It reduces central nervous system stimulation.
c) It is a beta-lactam antibiotic inhibiting cell wall synthesis.
d) It works on the final stage of cell wall synthesis.
The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is
now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has
occurred? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) The client is not taking her medications.
b) The client is experiencing an adverse reaction.
c) The client has developed a superinfection.
d) The client has developed sepsis.
, The nurse is assisting in the admission of a client with a suspected urinary tract
infection. The health care provider has written the following orders: acetaminophen 500
mg PO for elevated temperature; urinalysis for culture and sensitivity; sulfasalazine
(Azulfidine) 500 mg PO four times daily; and force fluids to 3 L/day. Which order will the
nurse complete first? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Administer sulfasalazine (Azulfidine).
b) Administer acetaminophen for temperature.
c) Obtain urine for culture and sensitivity.
d) Provide client with eight ounces of fluid.
A patient is prescribed acyclovir (Zovirax) for the treatment of genital herpes. What is
the expected outcome of this medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Decrease viral
shedding
b) Decrease bacterial infection
c) Decrease libido
d) Decreased testosterone production
A patient receiving isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (Rifadin) has a decreased urinary output
and peripheral neuropathy. Which laboratory values should be assessed? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-a) Urine culture and sensitivity
b) Erythrocyte count and differential
c) Hematocrit and hemoglobin
d) ALT/AST and creatinine
The nursing instructor is teaching about anti-infectives and realizes further instruction is
needed when a student makes which of the following statements? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-a) Bactericidal means they destroy the bacteria.
b) Bactericidal means they slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria.
c) Broad spectrum means they detroy a large number of different types of bacteria
d) Bacteriostatic means they slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria.
A woman is seen in the clinic for vaginal itching and discharge. Which of the following
medications can be administered in a single dose to treat her discomfort and vaginal
discharge? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Fluconazole (Diflucan)
b) Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
c) Caspofungin (Cancidas)
d) Terbinafine (Lamisil)
A patient with TB has been admitted to a health care facility. When providing
instructions for the patient teaching related to antitubercular drugs, which of the
following instructions should the nurse provide in order to avoid complications in the
patient's GI tract? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Take prescribed Pyrazinamide without
regard to food.
b) Double the dose if earlier dose is missed.
c) Take prescribed Ethambutol with food.
d) Avoid the consumption of alcohol.
Which type of bacteria have readily evolved and are most commonly resistant to
vancomycin (Vancocin)? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Spirochetes
b) Enterococci
c) Pseudomonas
d) Escherichia coli
The nurse is assessing a patient receiving erythromycin (E-mycin) for an infection. What
assessment finding requires immediate action by the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
a) Nausea
b) Stomach pain
c) Headache
d) Diarrhea
The critical concept in preventing the development of resistant strains of microbes is
what? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Exposure of pathogens to an antimicrobial agent
without cellular death
b) Drug dosages which are below a therapeutic level
c) The duration of drug use
d) Frequency of drug ingestion
A patient has endocarditis and is taking gentamicin. The nurse will be sure to monitor
which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Serum albumin level
b) Prothrombin time
c) Potassium level
d) Creatinine clearance
A patient is given tetracycline (Sumycin) to treat acne-related skin eruptions. How does
tetracycline work? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) It binds to the 30S ribosome to inhibit
protein synthesis.
b) It reduces central nervous system stimulation.
c) It is a beta-lactam antibiotic inhibiting cell wall synthesis.
d) It works on the final stage of cell wall synthesis.
The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is
now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has
occurred? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) The client is not taking her medications.
b) The client is experiencing an adverse reaction.
c) The client has developed a superinfection.
d) The client has developed sepsis.
, The nurse is assisting in the admission of a client with a suspected urinary tract
infection. The health care provider has written the following orders: acetaminophen 500
mg PO for elevated temperature; urinalysis for culture and sensitivity; sulfasalazine
(Azulfidine) 500 mg PO four times daily; and force fluids to 3 L/day. Which order will the
nurse complete first? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Administer sulfasalazine (Azulfidine).
b) Administer acetaminophen for temperature.
c) Obtain urine for culture and sensitivity.
d) Provide client with eight ounces of fluid.
A patient is prescribed acyclovir (Zovirax) for the treatment of genital herpes. What is
the expected outcome of this medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Decrease viral
shedding
b) Decrease bacterial infection
c) Decrease libido
d) Decreased testosterone production
A patient receiving isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (Rifadin) has a decreased urinary output
and peripheral neuropathy. Which laboratory values should be assessed? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-a) Urine culture and sensitivity
b) Erythrocyte count and differential
c) Hematocrit and hemoglobin
d) ALT/AST and creatinine
The nursing instructor is teaching about anti-infectives and realizes further instruction is
needed when a student makes which of the following statements? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-a) Bactericidal means they destroy the bacteria.
b) Bactericidal means they slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria.
c) Broad spectrum means they detroy a large number of different types of bacteria
d) Bacteriostatic means they slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria.
A woman is seen in the clinic for vaginal itching and discharge. Which of the following
medications can be administered in a single dose to treat her discomfort and vaginal
discharge? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Fluconazole (Diflucan)
b) Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
c) Caspofungin (Cancidas)
d) Terbinafine (Lamisil)
A patient with TB has been admitted to a health care facility. When providing
instructions for the patient teaching related to antitubercular drugs, which of the
following instructions should the nurse provide in order to avoid complications in the
patient's GI tract? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a) Take prescribed Pyrazinamide without
regard to food.
b) Double the dose if earlier dose is missed.
c) Take prescribed Ethambutol with food.
d) Avoid the consumption of alcohol.
