Med Surg 1 (Cardiac 1) Questions And Answers Elaborations Based On Final Exam!!

MED SURG 1 (CARDIAC 1) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ELABORATIONS BASED ON FINAL EXAM!!
Depolarization
Answers Electrical activation of the cell caused by influx of Na+ INTO THE
CELL while K+ goes OUT
Repolarization


Answers Return of the cell to resting state - re-entry of K+ while Na+ GOES OUT
OF THE CELL.
Stroke volume


Answers Amount of blood ejected with each heart beat.
preload


Answers Degree of stretch of cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole.
afterload


Answers Resistance to ejection of blood from ventricle.
contractility


Answers Ability of cardiac muscle to shorten in response to electrical impulse.
cardiac output


Answers amount of blood pumped by the ventricles in liters per minute.
SV x HR equals this.
lasix, ACE inhibitors, digoxin

, Answers Name 3 drugs a pt may be taking with heart problems that are
experiencing edema.
autonomic nervous system and baroreceptors


Answers Name 2 controlling factors/systems of heart rate.
hypertension


Answers If a pt has this, the parasympathetic system is activated inhibiting the
sympathetic response lowering B/P and HR.
hypotension


Answers If a pt has this, less baroreceptor stimulation occurs decreasing
parasympathetic activity and enhancing sympathetic response increasing B/P and
HR.
baroreceptors


Answers specialized nerve cells located in the aortic arch and in both right and left
carotid arteries - sensitive to change in b/p
older adults


Answers common finding in these people is the backflow of blood d/t stiffening of
valves resulting in a heart murmur.
SA node


Answers primary pacemaker of the heart - 60-100 beats/minute - located in the
right atrium
atrioventricular node (AV node)