Intro to Cells (Answer Key)
Animal cells come in many different _ whereas plant cells are usually _ and boxy - ANSWER-
shapes/sizes, rigid
Atoms come together to form _ which then come together to form _ - ANSWER-molecules, cells
Bacterial cells contain plasmids, meaning they DON'T contain a chromosome. True or False? - ANSWER-
False - they contain both
Cell (define) - ANSWER-single, functional units of living things
Cells are "made" from other cells. What does this mean? - ANSWER-cells are not made from scratch. The
process of mitosis/cell division allows for more cells to be made
Cells have many different components called _ which play their own role in maintaining _ - ANSWER-
organelles, metabolism
Define semi-permeability - ANSWER-only letting certain molecules in/out of the cell
Eukaryotyic cells are _ in size and _ in their level of complexity - ANSWER-larger, complex
Evidence of the ES theory 1 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both have similar _ and _
(anatomy) - ANSWER-shape, size
Evidence of the ES theory 2 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both contain similar structures
most notably a _ - ANSWER-double-layered membrane
Evidence of the ES theory 3 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both contain _ (genetic material)
that are very similar and produce the same _ - ANSWER-DNA/genes, proteins
Evidence of the ES theory 4 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both _ in similar fashion in a
process called _ - ANSWER-reproduce, binary fission
Evidence of the ES theory 5 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both contain similar _ (protein
production) - ANSWER-ribosomes
Flagella, cilia, centrioles, and centrosomes are all components of the _ - ANSWER-cytoskeleton
Fungal cells contain a nucleus. True or false? - ANSWER-True
Fungal cells contain chloroplasts. True or false? - ANSWER-False
Homeostasis - ANSWER-maintaining internal balance, not dying; describes the "resilience" of living
things
How do the mitochondria and chloroplast benefit from being inside the host cell (same answer for
both)? - ANSWER-they are protected, sheltered, and provided the host cell's resources
How does the host cell benefit from having the chloroplast inside? - ANSWER-it produces glucose for the
cell which can be broken down in cellular respiration
How does the host cell benefit from having the mitochondria inside? - ANSWER-it produces ATP for the
cell which is needed in nearly all cellular processes
, Intro to Cells (Answer Key)
In the ES theory what type of cell did the engulfing? - ANSWER-A larger prokaryotic/bacterial cell
Metabolism - ANSWER-the sum of all chemical reactions within a cell (or living thing)
Molecules within cells have different _ and undergo specific _ - ANSWER-functions (jobs), biochemical
reactions (changes)
Multicellular organisms (ex. humans) are made up of _ cells with _ job titles - ANSWER-many, specific
Multicellular organisms are ALWAYS made up of _ cells - ANSWER-eukaryotic
Name 3 other/minor functions of the cell membrane - ANSWER-cell shape, protection, communication
(receptors)
Name 4 functions of chromosomes - ANSWER-1) Stores DNA
2) Protects DNA
3) Organizes DNA
4) Allows DNA to be passed to offspring (heredity)
Name the 3 components of Cell Theory - ANSWER-1. All living things are made up of cells
2. Cells are the functional units of living things
3. Cells are made from other cells
Name the major function of the cell membrane - ANSWER-semi-permeability
Prokaryotic cells _ have a nucleus while eukaryotic cells _ have a nucleus - ANSWER-do not, do
Prokaryotic cells are _ in size and _ in their level of complexity - ANSWER-small, simple
Prokaryotic cells were the _ type of cell while eukaryotic cells _ later on - ANSWER-first, evolved
Protist cells contain a nucleus. True or false? - ANSWER-True
The nuclear envelope is the _ of the nucleus that allows molecules to _ via _ - ANSWER-membrane,
enter/exit, nuclear pores
The structure of the cell membrane is a _ - ANSWER-phospholipid bilayer
Unicellular organisms are USUALLY made up of a _ cell - ANSWER-prokaryotic cells. Some unicellular
organisms are made up of a eukaryotic cell
What 3 types of cells contain a cell wall? - ANSWER-plant, fungal, bacterial
What are aerobic bacteria able to do? - ANSWER-Produce ATP using oxygen (O2)
What are centrosomes made up of? - ANSWER-two centrioles and microtubule proteins
What are photosynthetic bacteria able to do? - ANSWER-Produce glucose using sunlight, water, and
carbon dioxide (CO2)
Animal cells come in many different _ whereas plant cells are usually _ and boxy - ANSWER-
shapes/sizes, rigid
Atoms come together to form _ which then come together to form _ - ANSWER-molecules, cells
Bacterial cells contain plasmids, meaning they DON'T contain a chromosome. True or False? - ANSWER-
False - they contain both
Cell (define) - ANSWER-single, functional units of living things
Cells are "made" from other cells. What does this mean? - ANSWER-cells are not made from scratch. The
process of mitosis/cell division allows for more cells to be made
Cells have many different components called _ which play their own role in maintaining _ - ANSWER-
organelles, metabolism
Define semi-permeability - ANSWER-only letting certain molecules in/out of the cell
Eukaryotyic cells are _ in size and _ in their level of complexity - ANSWER-larger, complex
Evidence of the ES theory 1 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both have similar _ and _
(anatomy) - ANSWER-shape, size
Evidence of the ES theory 2 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both contain similar structures
most notably a _ - ANSWER-double-layered membrane
Evidence of the ES theory 3 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both contain _ (genetic material)
that are very similar and produce the same _ - ANSWER-DNA/genes, proteins
Evidence of the ES theory 4 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both _ in similar fashion in a
process called _ - ANSWER-reproduce, binary fission
Evidence of the ES theory 5 - Ancient Bacteria vs. Cellular Organelles: both contain similar _ (protein
production) - ANSWER-ribosomes
Flagella, cilia, centrioles, and centrosomes are all components of the _ - ANSWER-cytoskeleton
Fungal cells contain a nucleus. True or false? - ANSWER-True
Fungal cells contain chloroplasts. True or false? - ANSWER-False
Homeostasis - ANSWER-maintaining internal balance, not dying; describes the "resilience" of living
things
How do the mitochondria and chloroplast benefit from being inside the host cell (same answer for
both)? - ANSWER-they are protected, sheltered, and provided the host cell's resources
How does the host cell benefit from having the chloroplast inside? - ANSWER-it produces glucose for the
cell which can be broken down in cellular respiration
How does the host cell benefit from having the mitochondria inside? - ANSWER-it produces ATP for the
cell which is needed in nearly all cellular processes
, Intro to Cells (Answer Key)
In the ES theory what type of cell did the engulfing? - ANSWER-A larger prokaryotic/bacterial cell
Metabolism - ANSWER-the sum of all chemical reactions within a cell (or living thing)
Molecules within cells have different _ and undergo specific _ - ANSWER-functions (jobs), biochemical
reactions (changes)
Multicellular organisms (ex. humans) are made up of _ cells with _ job titles - ANSWER-many, specific
Multicellular organisms are ALWAYS made up of _ cells - ANSWER-eukaryotic
Name 3 other/minor functions of the cell membrane - ANSWER-cell shape, protection, communication
(receptors)
Name 4 functions of chromosomes - ANSWER-1) Stores DNA
2) Protects DNA
3) Organizes DNA
4) Allows DNA to be passed to offspring (heredity)
Name the 3 components of Cell Theory - ANSWER-1. All living things are made up of cells
2. Cells are the functional units of living things
3. Cells are made from other cells
Name the major function of the cell membrane - ANSWER-semi-permeability
Prokaryotic cells _ have a nucleus while eukaryotic cells _ have a nucleus - ANSWER-do not, do
Prokaryotic cells are _ in size and _ in their level of complexity - ANSWER-small, simple
Prokaryotic cells were the _ type of cell while eukaryotic cells _ later on - ANSWER-first, evolved
Protist cells contain a nucleus. True or false? - ANSWER-True
The nuclear envelope is the _ of the nucleus that allows molecules to _ via _ - ANSWER-membrane,
enter/exit, nuclear pores
The structure of the cell membrane is a _ - ANSWER-phospholipid bilayer
Unicellular organisms are USUALLY made up of a _ cell - ANSWER-prokaryotic cells. Some unicellular
organisms are made up of a eukaryotic cell
What 3 types of cells contain a cell wall? - ANSWER-plant, fungal, bacterial
What are aerobic bacteria able to do? - ANSWER-Produce ATP using oxygen (O2)
What are centrosomes made up of? - ANSWER-two centrioles and microtubule proteins
What are photosynthetic bacteria able to do? - ANSWER-Produce glucose using sunlight, water, and
carbon dioxide (CO2)
