COMD 5070 - Final Exam Questions With 100%Verified Answers A+GRADED

COMD 5070 - Final Exam Questions With 100%Verified Answers A+GRADED what is science? what are the 4 features of the scientific method? - correct answer...-empirical -deterministic -predictive -parsimonious what does it mean for science to be empirical? - correct answer...based on data what does it mean for science to be deterministic? - correct answer...obeys physical laws what does it mean for science to be predictive? - correct answer...if you do this.... then that will happen what does it mean for science to be parsimonious? - correct answer...uses the simplest explanation possible how many semitones are in one octave? - correct answer...12 semitones how much sampling is enough? - correct answer...sample at 2x the rate of the highest frequency (e.g. data up to 5 kHz = sample at 10 kHz, data up to 100 Hz = sample at 200 Hz) what is the Nyquist frequency? - correct answer...half the sample rate if you want to go up one octave, you ______ the frequency. - correct answer...double if you want to go down one octave, you ______ the frequency. - correct answer...halve what does a high pass filter do? - correct answer...allows high frequencies through what does a low pass filter do? - correct answer...allows low frequencies through what does a band pass filter do? - correct answer...allows a band of frequencies through (mid) what does a band reject filter do? - correct answer...holds back/attenuates a band of frequencies (allows high and low frequencies) what does a Fourier transform do? - correct answer...creates a spectrum from the time domain waveform (deconstructs the waveform) what is the cake analogy to a Fourier transform? - correct answer...analyze a cake to learn its ingredients what does a time domain display show? - correct answer...-a waveform represents sound directly -air pressure changes over time what does a frequency domain display show? - correct answer...a line spectrum shows the frequency components of a periodic sound what is a FFT spectrum? - correct answer...fast Fourier transform -shows harmonic energy -each peak is a harmonic -less clear at showing formants what is FFT reveal more of? - correct answer...vocal SOURCE what is a LPC spectrum? - correct answer...linear predictive coding -shows spectral envelope (doesn't show individual harmonics) -good at revealing formants what does a LPC spectrum reveal more of? - correct answer...vocal tract FILTER on a spectrum, a sine wave appears as ___________. - correct answer...a single line a line spectrum is a _______ in time. - correct answer...snapshot what is the x-axis in a speech spectrogram? - correct answer...X = TIME what is the y-axis in a speech spectrogram? - correct answer...Y = FREQUENCY what does the darkness in a speech spectrogram represent? - correct answer...darkness = INTENSITY what is the difference between perturbation and modulation? - correct answer...modulation is much slower than random cycle-to-cycle perturbation; modulation is spread across many cycles what is jitter? - correct answer...frequency perturbation what is shimmer? - correct answer...amplitude perturbation what is tremor? - correct answer...rhythmic change in fundamental frequency and amplitude hoarse voices have (high/low) perturbation. - correct answer...higher what does tremor sound like? - correct answer...shakiness in the voice without roughness or hoarseness what does low modulation/high perturbation sound like? - correct answer...rough but not wobbly.... sounds like Kermit what does high perturbation/high modulation sound like? - correct answer...old woman .... ahhhHHHhhHHhHhH what does high modulation/low perturbation sound like? - correct answer...aka vocal vibratto -opera singer what are two direct ways to measure subglottal pressure? - correct answer...-tracheal puncture -esophageal pressure (swallow sensor) how can you estimate subglottal pressure? - correct answer...produce voiceless bilabial plosive (pah, pah, pah) -this is when oral pressure equals subglottal pressure how do you calculate average air flow? - correct answer...dividing volume used by time -for example, if 1 liter of air is used and phonation lasts for 5 seconds -average flow = 1/5 liters per second = 0.2 L/s pressure = ______ times _______ - correct answer...resistance x flow resistance = ______ divided by ______ - correct answer...pressure / flow how does Ohm's law relate to the voice (equation)? - correct answer...laryngeal airway resistance = subglottic pressure / air flow how can you measure flow? - correct answer...pneumotachograph a semitone is always 1/__th of an octave. - correct answer...1/12th