NUR3145 Respiratory Exam Study
Guide
Diseases of the upper respiratory tract - Answer Allergies
Nasal Congestion
Nasal drainage
Common cold
Antihistamines - Answer bind to H1 histamine receptors (prevents histamine
stimulation)
Antihistamines manage - Answer - Seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- Vasomotor rhinitis
- Allergic reactions
- parkinsons disease
- Sleep disorders
Traditional (older) antihistamines - Answer -Peripheral & central acting
- Have anticholinergic SE
- more effective than non-sedating drugs
Newer antihistamines - Answer -non-sedating
- work peripherally to block action of histamines
- fewer CNS adverse effects
- longer duration of action
SE of antihistamines - Answer - Dry mouth
- Difficulty urinating
- Constipation
- changes in vision
- drowsiness
Contraindications of antihistamines - Answer -acute asthma attacks
, - Lower respiratory diseases
Use antihistamines with caution in - Answer - increased intraocular pressure
- cardiac or renal disease
- hypertension
- asthma
- COPD
-Peptic ulcer
- BPH
- pregnancy
Patient teaching for antihistamines - Answer - report excessive sedation, confusion or
hypotension
- avoid driving or operating heavy machinery
- take with a meal
- monitor for therapeutic effects
3 main types of decongestants - Answer adrenergic
anticholinergic
corticosteroids
Adrenergic decongestants - Answer - Shrink small blood vessels
- decreases secretions
- largest, most common group
- Sympathomimetics
EX: sudafed
Anticholinergic decongestants - Answer - deecrease blood vessels to decrease edema
and drainage
- dry secretions
-Less commonly used
-Parasympatholytics
Corticosteroid decongestants - Answer -anti-inflammatory
Guide
Diseases of the upper respiratory tract - Answer Allergies
Nasal Congestion
Nasal drainage
Common cold
Antihistamines - Answer bind to H1 histamine receptors (prevents histamine
stimulation)
Antihistamines manage - Answer - Seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- Vasomotor rhinitis
- Allergic reactions
- parkinsons disease
- Sleep disorders
Traditional (older) antihistamines - Answer -Peripheral & central acting
- Have anticholinergic SE
- more effective than non-sedating drugs
Newer antihistamines - Answer -non-sedating
- work peripherally to block action of histamines
- fewer CNS adverse effects
- longer duration of action
SE of antihistamines - Answer - Dry mouth
- Difficulty urinating
- Constipation
- changes in vision
- drowsiness
Contraindications of antihistamines - Answer -acute asthma attacks
, - Lower respiratory diseases
Use antihistamines with caution in - Answer - increased intraocular pressure
- cardiac or renal disease
- hypertension
- asthma
- COPD
-Peptic ulcer
- BPH
- pregnancy
Patient teaching for antihistamines - Answer - report excessive sedation, confusion or
hypotension
- avoid driving or operating heavy machinery
- take with a meal
- monitor for therapeutic effects
3 main types of decongestants - Answer adrenergic
anticholinergic
corticosteroids
Adrenergic decongestants - Answer - Shrink small blood vessels
- decreases secretions
- largest, most common group
- Sympathomimetics
EX: sudafed
Anticholinergic decongestants - Answer - deecrease blood vessels to decrease edema
and drainage
- dry secretions
-Less commonly used
-Parasympatholytics
Corticosteroid decongestants - Answer -anti-inflammatory
