NURS3515 STUDY GUIDE WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Define rigour - ANSWER the strictness with which a study is conducted to
enhance the quality, believability, and trustworthiness of the study findings.
define qualitative rigor - ANSWER shown by credibility, auditability, and
fittingness
define quantitative rigor - ANSWER psychometric measures used to ensure
instrument reliability and validity
Define reliability - ANSWER consistent and predictable
consistency: the absence of variation in measuring a stable attribute for an
individual
define validity - ANSWER accurate
Refers to whether a measurement instrument accurately measures what it is
supposed to measure
which state are true?
1. A study or measure CAN be reliable but not valid
2. A study or measure CANNOT be valid and not reliable.
3. A study or measure CANNOT be reliable but not valid
4. A study or measure CAN be valid and not reliable - ANSWER 1. A study or
measure CAN be reliable but not valid (study can be consistent but not
accurate- off centre)
,2. A study or measure CANNOT be valid and not reliable. (a study cannot be
accurate if its not consistent)
think of the bullseye
define reliability coefficient - ANSWER Expresses the relationship between
the:
-Error variance
-True variance
-Observed score
Reliability coefficient (R) can range from
0 to 1 0 =
0= no relationship (error variance is high)
1 = perfect relationship 0.89 = strong relationship
when error variance is low, then reliability is high (closer to 1).
For a tool to be considered reliable, a level of 0.70 or higher should be
reported
what tools can we use to test reliability? - ANSWER to test reliability we need
to determine stability and this is done through replication tools:
,Test-retest reliability: administration of the same measure to the same
people on two occasions (same test= same people)
Interrater reliability: measurements by two or more observers or raters using
the same instrument or measurements by the same observer or rater on two
or more occasions (same test= different observers)
Parallel test reliability: measurements of the same attribute using alternate
versions of the same instrument, with the same people. (different versions
=same people)
define Cronbach's alpha? - ANSWER tool used to measure internal
consistency
Cronbach's alpha: when each item in the scale is simultaneously compared
with the others, and a total score is then used to analyze the data.
used when analyzing each item in a test (such as a likert-type scale response)
and seeing if the items are reliable in measuring the intended construct.
It assesses how well the items in a measurement instrument correlate with
each other, indicating the extent to which the items are measuring the same
underlying construct or trait.
, Define split-half reliability - ANSWER tool used to measure internal
consistency.
involves dividing a scale into two halves and making a comparison.
if the two scores of each half is approximately equal then the test may be
considered reliable.
define item to total correlation - ANSWER tool used to measure internal
consistency
a measure of the relationship between each scale item and the total scale.
when item-to-total correlations are calculated, a correlation for each item on
the scale is generated. items that do not achieve a high correlation may be
deleted from the instrument. (acceptable: >0.30)
define the Kuder-richardson coefficient - ANSWER tool used to measure
internal consistency
the estimate of homogeneity used for instruments that have a dichotomous
response format (yes or no/ true or false). the technique yields a correlation
that is based on the consistency of responses to all items of a single form of
a test that is administered once.
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Define rigour - ANSWER the strictness with which a study is conducted to
enhance the quality, believability, and trustworthiness of the study findings.
define qualitative rigor - ANSWER shown by credibility, auditability, and
fittingness
define quantitative rigor - ANSWER psychometric measures used to ensure
instrument reliability and validity
Define reliability - ANSWER consistent and predictable
consistency: the absence of variation in measuring a stable attribute for an
individual
define validity - ANSWER accurate
Refers to whether a measurement instrument accurately measures what it is
supposed to measure
which state are true?
1. A study or measure CAN be reliable but not valid
2. A study or measure CANNOT be valid and not reliable.
3. A study or measure CANNOT be reliable but not valid
4. A study or measure CAN be valid and not reliable - ANSWER 1. A study or
measure CAN be reliable but not valid (study can be consistent but not
accurate- off centre)
,2. A study or measure CANNOT be valid and not reliable. (a study cannot be
accurate if its not consistent)
think of the bullseye
define reliability coefficient - ANSWER Expresses the relationship between
the:
-Error variance
-True variance
-Observed score
Reliability coefficient (R) can range from
0 to 1 0 =
0= no relationship (error variance is high)
1 = perfect relationship 0.89 = strong relationship
when error variance is low, then reliability is high (closer to 1).
For a tool to be considered reliable, a level of 0.70 or higher should be
reported
what tools can we use to test reliability? - ANSWER to test reliability we need
to determine stability and this is done through replication tools:
,Test-retest reliability: administration of the same measure to the same
people on two occasions (same test= same people)
Interrater reliability: measurements by two or more observers or raters using
the same instrument or measurements by the same observer or rater on two
or more occasions (same test= different observers)
Parallel test reliability: measurements of the same attribute using alternate
versions of the same instrument, with the same people. (different versions
=same people)
define Cronbach's alpha? - ANSWER tool used to measure internal
consistency
Cronbach's alpha: when each item in the scale is simultaneously compared
with the others, and a total score is then used to analyze the data.
used when analyzing each item in a test (such as a likert-type scale response)
and seeing if the items are reliable in measuring the intended construct.
It assesses how well the items in a measurement instrument correlate with
each other, indicating the extent to which the items are measuring the same
underlying construct or trait.
, Define split-half reliability - ANSWER tool used to measure internal
consistency.
involves dividing a scale into two halves and making a comparison.
if the two scores of each half is approximately equal then the test may be
considered reliable.
define item to total correlation - ANSWER tool used to measure internal
consistency
a measure of the relationship between each scale item and the total scale.
when item-to-total correlations are calculated, a correlation for each item on
the scale is generated. items that do not achieve a high correlation may be
deleted from the instrument. (acceptable: >0.30)
define the Kuder-richardson coefficient - ANSWER tool used to measure
internal consistency
the estimate of homogeneity used for instruments that have a dichotomous
response format (yes or no/ true or false). the technique yields a correlation
that is based on the consistency of responses to all items of a single form of
a test that is administered once.
