and Answers
Which view do you start with in cardiac imaging?
Ans- 2D
Which imaging modes are used?
Ans- 2D, m-mode, color Doppler, Doppler
What does Doppler allow us to analyze?
Ans- flow
What does color Doppler allow us to analyze?
Ans- visually analyze flow
,Which view is M-mode used in?
Ans- parasternal
When can M-mode be used in other views?
Ans- if it's a technically limited study
What does M-mode do?
Ans- looks at motion and allows for measurement of structures and calculations
of cardiac function
Why is color Doppler used in each view?
Ans- show blood flow
What does it mean if blood flows backwards through a valve?
Ans- it is leaky/there is backflow
What does red color Doppler mean?
,Ans- blood flow towards the transducer
What does blue color Doppler mean?
Ans- blood flow away from the transducer
In systole, which valves are opened?
Ans- aortic and pulmonic
In diastole, which valves are opened?
Ans- mitral and tricuspid
What happens in systole?
Ans- ventricles contract
What happens in diastole?
Ans- ventricles fill
, What is mosaic?
Ans- the valve is closed, but blood is flowing backwards still
What is Doppler used for?
Ans- analyzing blood flow
Which view is Doppler used in?
Ans- view where abnormality is seen; could be multiple
What are the things Doppler assesses?
Ans- 1. demonstration of blood flow/direction of flow
2. normal velocity/spectrum for each valve structure
3. assess severity of abnormal flows (degree of stenosis, leak, shunt flow)
What are the four views in cardiac imaging?
Ans- PLAX, PSAX, apical, subcostal