BRM
Final
Exam
Study
Guide
ABAB
design
-
ANS-An
experimental
design,
often
involving
a
single
subject,
wherein
a
baseline
period
(A)
is
followed
by
a
treatment
(B).
To
confirm
that
the
treatment
resulted
in
a
change
in
behavior,
the
treatment
is
then
withdrawn
(A)
and
reinstated
(B).
advantages
of
a
multielement
design
-
ANS-Useful
for
highly
variable
behavior,
Don't
need
a
steady
baseline,
Can
be
used
quickly
to
demonstrate
experimental
control,
Typically
need
fewer
conditons/trials
(i.e.
more
efficient),
Can
minimize
sequence
effects
through
randomization,
Can
be
used
to
assess
generalization
Advantages
of
Changing
Criterion
Design
-
ANS--Does
not
require
reversal
-Enables
an
experimental
analysis
within
the
context
of
a
gradually
improving
bx
Advantages
of
multiple
baseline
designs
-
ANS-(a)
does
not
require
withdrawing
a
seemingly
effective
treatment
to
demonstrate
experimental
control.
(b)
ideally
suited
to
the
evaluation
of
the
progressive,
multiple
behavior
changes
sought
by
many
practitioners
in
applied
settings.
(c)
has
the
advantage
of
being
relatively
easy
to
conceptualize,
thereby
offering
an
effective
experimental
tactic
for
teachers
and
parents
who
are
not
trained
formally
in
research
methodology.
changing
criterion
design
-
ANS-o
demonstrates
a
functional
relationship
between
the
dependent
and
independent
variables
by
replicating
changes
in
target
behavior
by
making
gradual
increases
and
decreases
in
the
criteria
of
the
intervention
dependent
variable
-
ANS-The
outcome
factor;
the
variable
that
may
change
in
response
to
manipulations
of
the
independent
variable.
target
behavior
disadvantages
of
a
changing
criterion
design
-
ANS--Target
bx
must
already
be
in
the
student's
repertoire.
-Not
appropriate
for
analyzing
the
effects
of
a
shaping
program.
-NOT
a
comparison
design.
disadvantages
of
a
multielement
design
-
ANS-can
cause
interactional
effects
and
is
time
consuming
and
sometimes
impractical
in
school/clinical
settings
disadvantages
of
multiple
baseline
design
-
ANS--Functional
relationship
is
NOT
directly
shown.
-No
information
regarding
function
of
target
bx.
-IV
may
be
delayed
-Takes
resources
to
implement
properly.
Final
Exam
Study
Guide
ABAB
design
-
ANS-An
experimental
design,
often
involving
a
single
subject,
wherein
a
baseline
period
(A)
is
followed
by
a
treatment
(B).
To
confirm
that
the
treatment
resulted
in
a
change
in
behavior,
the
treatment
is
then
withdrawn
(A)
and
reinstated
(B).
advantages
of
a
multielement
design
-
ANS-Useful
for
highly
variable
behavior,
Don't
need
a
steady
baseline,
Can
be
used
quickly
to
demonstrate
experimental
control,
Typically
need
fewer
conditons/trials
(i.e.
more
efficient),
Can
minimize
sequence
effects
through
randomization,
Can
be
used
to
assess
generalization
Advantages
of
Changing
Criterion
Design
-
ANS--Does
not
require
reversal
-Enables
an
experimental
analysis
within
the
context
of
a
gradually
improving
bx
Advantages
of
multiple
baseline
designs
-
ANS-(a)
does
not
require
withdrawing
a
seemingly
effective
treatment
to
demonstrate
experimental
control.
(b)
ideally
suited
to
the
evaluation
of
the
progressive,
multiple
behavior
changes
sought
by
many
practitioners
in
applied
settings.
(c)
has
the
advantage
of
being
relatively
easy
to
conceptualize,
thereby
offering
an
effective
experimental
tactic
for
teachers
and
parents
who
are
not
trained
formally
in
research
methodology.
changing
criterion
design
-
ANS-o
demonstrates
a
functional
relationship
between
the
dependent
and
independent
variables
by
replicating
changes
in
target
behavior
by
making
gradual
increases
and
decreases
in
the
criteria
of
the
intervention
dependent
variable
-
ANS-The
outcome
factor;
the
variable
that
may
change
in
response
to
manipulations
of
the
independent
variable.
target
behavior
disadvantages
of
a
changing
criterion
design
-
ANS--Target
bx
must
already
be
in
the
student's
repertoire.
-Not
appropriate
for
analyzing
the
effects
of
a
shaping
program.
-NOT
a
comparison
design.
disadvantages
of
a
multielement
design
-
ANS-can
cause
interactional
effects
and
is
time
consuming
and
sometimes
impractical
in
school/clinical
settings
disadvantages
of
multiple
baseline
design
-
ANS--Functional
relationship
is
NOT
directly
shown.
-No
information
regarding
function
of
target
bx.
-IV
may
be
delayed
-Takes
resources
to
implement
properly.
