EXSS 276 Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Graded A+

Active transport - requires energy; movement low to high Adenylate kinase - phosphotransferase enzyme transferring phosphate groups Anabolism - opposite of catabolism; endothermic Antiporters - move substrates in opposite directions ATP synthase - enzyme that generates ATP from ADP and free Pi Beta Oxidation - breakdown of free atty acid chain; 2 carbons cleaved off to form 1 acetyl CoA; each acetyl coa forms 14 ATP Catabolism - reversible reaction; break down molecules into smaller ones; exothermic Cholesterol - helps with transport; comes from diet and biosynthesis Chylomicrons - least dense lipoprotein; transports dietary lipid sources from intestine to storage sites Concentration gradient - difference in the concentration of a chemical across the plasma membrane Connective tissue - Major transport tissue; supports and strengthens other tissues; location of stored energy; site of immune response; bone and cartilage Cytoplasm - Contains cytosol and organellsDiffusion - random mixing of particles in a solution as a result of the kinetic energy of those particles; both solvent and solute can diffuse; movement from high to low Diffusion depends on - surface area, size or mass of particle, diffusion distance, temperature, concentration gradient Diffusion through carrier proteins - larger molecules too big for diffusion Diffusion through ion channels - small inorganic ions too polar for diffusion