Group Dynamics Chapter 1,3,7: Test 1 with 100% correct answers

Group Dynamics Influential actions, processes, and changes that occur in a group. Group Two or more people who are connected by and within social relations. Membership The way people in a group are linked Social Network To get into a social Network you must create a relationship with someone already in the network. Task Interaction All group behavior that is focused on the group work, projects, plans, and goals. Interdependence Members depend on one another, their outcomes, actions, thoughts,feelings etc are determined by others in the group. Group Structure The complex of roles, norms, and inter member relations that organizes a group. Roles The general behaviors expected of people who occupy different positions. Norms Consensual standards that describe what behaviors are and are not accepted in a group. What are the 3 types of groups 1. Primary Groups 2. Social Groups 3. Collective Primary Groups Family, Close friends Social Groups Larger groups, more formal, less emotional. Usually have a task to complete such as the military, bands, group projects Collective An example would be a line of people at the store. The groups ends as soon as the crowd leaves. Social Identity Individuals self concept which derives from his knowledge of his membership and social group. Common Group Characteristics Interaction,Goals,Interdependence,Structure 4 Typical Group Goals Generating, choosing, negotiating,executing What are the 4 types of Interdependence 1. Symmetric with Reciprocity 2. Hierarchical without Reciprocity 3. Hierarchical with unequal reciprocity 4. Sequential without Reciprocity Symmetric with Reciprocity 2 or more members that influence each other ex. an emergency room Hierarchical without reciprocity One member influences lower level members ex. Sales Manager overlooking the sales team Hierarchical with unequal reciprocity outcome of larger group is dependent on outcome of smaller group Sequential without reciprocity One member affects the next and so on... ex. assembly line Group Cohesion Strength of bond/attraction among members What factor can bring a group of people together? Common fate/threat ex. Hurricane 5 Stages of Group Development 1. Forming- Members get to know each other 2. Storming- Disagreement arises 3. Norming- standards/norms develop 4.Performing-Focus on task at hand 5. Adjourning- Roles and relationships end 3 Needs groups satisfy 1. Physical Survival Needs -Group living was adapted in our genes 2. Social Needs -Need to evaluate our opinions and abilities 3. Psychological Needs - We need contact with other 6 Functions of Groups 1. Belonging-Provide human needs of inclusion 2.Intimacy- Groups and mostly cohesive groups provided warm supportive relationships 3.Generativity-Groups do things to help individuals accomplish personal goals 4. Support-Help members with life problems 5. Influence-Allows influence to a greater number of individuals 6.Exploration- Groups provide new information, and ideas 3 Factors that lead to group membership Inclusion-change from outsider to inside Collectivism-Think of the good of the group Identity-Include group qualities into self identity. Temporary Isolation Spirituality/self enlightenment/Contemplation/Creativity Prolonged Isolation Stress/Delusions/ Fear Loneliness Feeling of disconnect from others Emotional Loneliness Lack of long-term intimate meaningful relations Social Loneliness Feeling cut off from network of friends and group members A solution to loneliness GROUPS!:) More Memberships in groups can reduce both types of loneliness Passive Exclusion Ignored Active Exclusion Avoided Maximum Exclusion Ostracism 2 Kinds of reactions to Ostracism 1.Fight or Flight -Confront the group -Leave 2. Tend and befriend -Cooperate with members -Become more friendly 3 Types of Inclusion 1.Passive -Granted membership into the group 2.Active -Welcomed into the group 3.Maximum -Recruited by the group