NUR3196 Module Quizzes and answers graded A

The patient requires a drug that is known to be completely metabolized by the first-pass effect. What change will be needed when this drug is administered? - The drug must be given more frequently - The drug must be given in higher doses. - The drug must be given in a lipid-soluble form. - The drug must be given by a non-oral route, such as parenterally. - The drug must be given by a non-oral route, such as parenterally. Rationale: Some oral drugs are rendered inactive by hepatic metabolic reactions, during the process known as the first-pass effect. An alternative route, such as parenteral, may need to be used. A patient who has acute kidney injury (AKI) may have a diminished capacity to excrete medications. The nurse must assess the patient more frequently for what development? - Increased risk of allergy - Decreased therapeutic drug effects - Increased risk for drug toxicity - Increased absorption of the drug from the intestines - Increased risk for drug toxicity Rationale: The kidneys are the primary site of excretion. Renal failure increases the duration of the drug's action because of decreased excretion. The patient must be assessed for drug toxicity. What is the rationale for the administration of a loading dose of a drug? - It decreases the number of doses that must be given. - It results in lower dosages being required to achieve therapeutic effects. - It decreases the risk of drug toxicity. - It more rapidly builds plasma drug levels to a plateau level. - It more rapidly builds plasma drug levels to a plateau level. Rationale: Giving a loading dose of a drug more rapidly achieves a plateau level in the therapeutic range that may then be continued by maintenance doses. The provider has ordered atropine, a drug that will prevent the patient's own chemical, acetylcholine, from causing parasympathetic effects. What type of drug would atropine be considered? - An antagonist - A partial agonist - An agonist - A protagonist - An antagonist Rationale: An antagonist occupies a receptor site and prevents endogenous chemicals or other drugs from acting What is the term used to describe the magnitude of maximal response that can be produced from a particular drug?