Genetics and Genetic Engineering
nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a
nitrogenous base
Objective 1:
1. What is the difference between hybridization and inbreeding?
Hybridization is an offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, or species.
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating of organisms.
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism that is
passed from parent to offspring AND is used by an individual as the recipe for making
proteins
2. Give an example of selective breeding.
Specific dog breeds (Golden Retriever)
DNA replication
process of copying the DNA molecule
2. What is the relationship between genetic variations and mutations?
Genetic variation is when there is different kinds of animals and plants but sometimes
scientist want to increase the variation so they use mutations.
cytosine
Nitrogen base that pairs with guanine.
Ojective 2:
1. Describe the 4 basic steps on genetic coding.
1. DNA Cleaveage & Isolation
2. production of recombinant DNA
3. Cloning
, 4. Screening
guanine
Nitrogen base that pairs with cytosine.
2. What is the product of genetic engineering?
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO's)
thymine
nitrogen base found ONLY in DNA that pairs with adenine
3. State the enzymes involved in making recombinant DNA and describe their functions.
How is DNA cut into smaller pieces?
Restriction enzyme use is basically the same for both the production of recombinant DNA.
They use genetic scissors.
4. What is plasmid and how are they used?
a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a
small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm.
adenine
nitrogen base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA
Watson and Crick
Figured out structure of DNA was a double helix
5. What are sticky ends and how are they made?
Base pair with any DNA molecule containing the complementary sticky end. DNA ligase
covalently links the two into a molecule of recombinant DNA.
nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a
nitrogenous base
Objective 1:
1. What is the difference between hybridization and inbreeding?
Hybridization is an offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, or species.
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating of organisms.
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism that is
passed from parent to offspring AND is used by an individual as the recipe for making
proteins
2. Give an example of selective breeding.
Specific dog breeds (Golden Retriever)
DNA replication
process of copying the DNA molecule
2. What is the relationship between genetic variations and mutations?
Genetic variation is when there is different kinds of animals and plants but sometimes
scientist want to increase the variation so they use mutations.
cytosine
Nitrogen base that pairs with guanine.
Ojective 2:
1. Describe the 4 basic steps on genetic coding.
1. DNA Cleaveage & Isolation
2. production of recombinant DNA
3. Cloning
, 4. Screening
guanine
Nitrogen base that pairs with cytosine.
2. What is the product of genetic engineering?
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO's)
thymine
nitrogen base found ONLY in DNA that pairs with adenine
3. State the enzymes involved in making recombinant DNA and describe their functions.
How is DNA cut into smaller pieces?
Restriction enzyme use is basically the same for both the production of recombinant DNA.
They use genetic scissors.
4. What is plasmid and how are they used?
a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a
small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm.
adenine
nitrogen base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA
Watson and Crick
Figured out structure of DNA was a double helix
5. What are sticky ends and how are they made?
Base pair with any DNA molecule containing the complementary sticky end. DNA ligase
covalently links the two into a molecule of recombinant DNA.
