HIEU 102 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2024

HIEU 102 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2024 12 Tables A legal system that often demanded an eye for an eye, and sometimes even more extreme punishments, but actually encouraged Romans to compromise and negotiate terms (of debt) on their own basis; limited what could be done by the Plebs. 146 BC Date making the end of the Third Punic War which ended with the destruction of Carthage and the integration of Carthiginian territory into the Roman state. Represents the second allowance of Rome to completely take over a pre-existing culture's land. Agglomerative Model The model thought to best explain the origins of the city of Rome. Characterized by the development of smaller settlements populated by various groups which expand over time and eventually combine with each other (Seven Hills of Rome). Battle of Cannae Large Roman militarily loss to Hannibal. Many political figures died in this battle. Battle of Lake Regillus Story of a legendary Roman victory told by Livy in which the Romans fought off Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, seventh and last king of Rome, in his attempt to reclaim the Tarquin throne. The Battle of Zama The last battle of the Second Punic War. The Forces of Scipio Africans the Elder beat the forces of Carthage (who asked Hannibal for help). After, a peace treaty was signed which de-navilized Carthage, and demanded that they could not have any military engagements without permissions from Rome. Celts Nomads who raided and sacked Rome, causing Rome to go on a border expansion spree to prevent further attacks. Being Nomads, the Celts, also known as Gauls, wanted only to pillage the city, and had no intention of setting. Cincinnatus Regarded by the Romans, especially the patricians, as one of the heroes of early Rome and as a model of Roman virtue and simplicity. When Rome was threatened, he was called to serve as dictator, an office which he resigned two weeks later after completing his task of defending Rome. Consul The highest rank within the Roman Senate. There were two consuls at any given time to keep each other in check. Elected annually, the consuls would alternate having power over Rome and Rome's dominions every month. Corvus A plank of wood with a spike attached at the end, developed because Romans had no idea how to sail, so Roman ships could board Carthaginian ships. Cultura Laziale A culture before the Romans in which elite men were cremated and placed in a hut with a razor. Showed that the elite lived in huts, and were most likely clean shaven. Cursus Honorum The organization of political power in the Roman Republic. The typical route was military tribune, minor magistrate, quaestor, aedile, praetor, and them consul. Decemvirs A commission of 10 men created by the Senate to codify the 12 tables. Ebro River Rome signed an agreement with Carthage that stated that Carthage cannot expand its territory in Spain no further than the Ebro River after the events of the First Punic War. Etruscans Culturally, militarily, and economically the dominant group in Italy at the time Rome was founded. Etruscans were very rich and excellent metal workers and seemed to be the base for the Roman Empire. Eventually dominated by the Romans and wiped out. Fabius Cunctator A Roman General that cut off trade route supplies for Hannibal while he roamed Italy and tried to tale Rome, taking back Roman client states that had peeled away. Used a cautious strategy later known as 'Fabian.' Hannibal Carthaginian General that brought Carthaginian fight into Rome and tried to eliminate Roman military and power (by going over the Alps and stomping on Italian city states) but ultimately was defeated in North Africa by Scipio Africans the Elder. Lars Porsenna A famous battle figure who showed up in many battle stories that shaped Roman territory. Lucretia Wife of Collatinus, a cousin of Tarquinius Superbus. Her rape by Tarquin's son outraged the Roman population, and sparked the revolution that overthrew the Tarquinius Superbus, seventh and last king of Rome. Polybius Greek historian. Captured during a war and lived in Rome thereafter in the 2nd century. Writes of Roman history that explains how Romans were able to overcome the Greeks and why the Romans were so militarily superior. Pyrrhus Mercenary Greek General that was hired to attack Rome. Consistently wins against the Romans, but the Romans, despite overwhelming losses, are so determined to beat him, that he eventually backs down due to his own losses. Romulus Twin brother of Remus in the creation myth of Rome. After being abandoned, raised by a wolf, rescued by a shepherd, and eventually reclaiming Rome, he eventually killed his brother over a dispute about what to call the city. Initially took in bandits and other criminals, all men, and then stole the Sabines' women as their own. Important for demonstrating the Roman ideal of inclusivity and integration. Sacrosanctity The right to not be harmed physically. A benefit given to those elected to the Tribune of the Plebs. Servius Tullius Champion of the phalanx and reformed the political system of Rome by what they can contribute to war. his revolution removed power from the patricians and gave to soldiers who were going to die more likely than others (the phalanx). Seen as a tyrant because he took power illegally. Struggle of the Orders The struggle which developed between the various strata of Roman society, particularly between the patricians and the plebs. The Struggle of the Orders played a large role in both reforms of Servius Tulles and began the discussion of 'aequatio iurius' or equality under the law. Suffetes The leading political nobles of Carthage, equivalent to Roman consuls. These men did not deal much with military matters, however, focusing more on public administrational were unlikely to switch roles. Two of them held office at a time and were elected annually. Tribune of the Plebs The lowest level of the Cursus Honorum. The