NR507 Midterm
aortic regurgitation - correct answer-the backflow of blood from the aorta to the left ventricle
due to failure of aortic valve to properly close caused by infective endocarditis or aortic root
disease
aortic stenosis - correct answer-constriction or narrowing of the aorta caused by aging,
congenital defects or rheumatic fever
aplastic anemia - correct answer-agent destroys bone marrow and leads to pancytopenia
chronic bronchitis - correct answer-hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough
that lasts for at least three months
diastole - correct answer-relaxation period where blood fills ventricles
diffusing capacity - correct answer-how well the lungs are able to exchange gas
emphysema - correct answer-abnormal permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways
accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls without obvious fibrosis
examples of restrictive lung disorders - correct answer-aspiration, atelectasis,
bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, pneuomoconiosis, hypersensitivity
pneumonitis, interstitial lung disease
extrinsic asthma - correct answer-triggered by allergic reaction
increased levels of IgE
more common in children
hemolytic anemia - correct answer-RBCs are destroyed due to an agent
how is folate deficiency characterized? - correct answer-macrocytic megaloblastic
how is hemolytic anemia characterized? - correct answer-normocytic
how is iron deficiency anemia characterized? - correct answer-microcytic hypochromic
how is RBC concentration measured? - correct answer-mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration (MCHC)
how is RBC size measured? - correct answer-RBC distribution width (RDW)
how is vitamin V-12 deficiency characterized? - correct answer-macrocytic megaloblastic
how many genes encode for hgb on the alpha protein and what chromosome? - correct
answer-four genes; chromosome 16
, how many genes encode for hgb on the beta protein and what chromosome? - correct
answer-two genes; chromosome 11
intermittent asthma - correct answer-sypmtoms < 2 days/week and month
0-1 severe exacerbations/year
FEV1 > 80%
intrinsic asthma - correct answer-triggered by non-allergic factors (meds, infection, anxiety,
etc.)
no increase of IgE
typically seen in adults
mild persistent asthma - correct answer-symptoms 2-6 days/week, 3-4/month at night
minor activity limitation
2 severe exacerbations/year
mitral regurgitation - correct answer-backflow of blood into left atrium due to failure of mitral
valve to properly close caused by mitral valve prolapse
mitral stenosis - correct answer-narrowing of the mitral valve caused by rheumatic heart
disease
moderate persistent asthma - correct answer-daily symptoms and > 1 night/week
some activity limitations
FEV1 60-80%
FEV1/FVC decreased by 5% of normal
normal absolute reticulocyte count in aplastic anemia - correct answer-0.5%-2.5%
normal fev1 - correct answer-80-120%
normal forced vital capacity (FVC) - correct answer-80-120%
normal granulocyte level in aplastic anemia - correct answer-< 500 UL
normal platelet count in aplastic anemia - correct answer-< 20,000 UL
NYHA classifications - correct answer-stage C1: no activity limitations
stage C2: mild activity limitation, but comfortable at rest; activity results in fatigue,
palpitations, dyspnea, or anginal pain
stage C3: moderate, marked activity limitation, symptoms with less than ordinary activity
stage C4: severe inability to complete activity without discomfort, symptoms present at rest
primary immunodeficiency - correct answer-result of single gene defects
residual volume - correct answer-amount of air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration
aortic regurgitation - correct answer-the backflow of blood from the aorta to the left ventricle
due to failure of aortic valve to properly close caused by infective endocarditis or aortic root
disease
aortic stenosis - correct answer-constriction or narrowing of the aorta caused by aging,
congenital defects or rheumatic fever
aplastic anemia - correct answer-agent destroys bone marrow and leads to pancytopenia
chronic bronchitis - correct answer-hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough
that lasts for at least three months
diastole - correct answer-relaxation period where blood fills ventricles
diffusing capacity - correct answer-how well the lungs are able to exchange gas
emphysema - correct answer-abnormal permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways
accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls without obvious fibrosis
examples of restrictive lung disorders - correct answer-aspiration, atelectasis,
bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, pneuomoconiosis, hypersensitivity
pneumonitis, interstitial lung disease
extrinsic asthma - correct answer-triggered by allergic reaction
increased levels of IgE
more common in children
hemolytic anemia - correct answer-RBCs are destroyed due to an agent
how is folate deficiency characterized? - correct answer-macrocytic megaloblastic
how is hemolytic anemia characterized? - correct answer-normocytic
how is iron deficiency anemia characterized? - correct answer-microcytic hypochromic
how is RBC concentration measured? - correct answer-mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration (MCHC)
how is RBC size measured? - correct answer-RBC distribution width (RDW)
how is vitamin V-12 deficiency characterized? - correct answer-macrocytic megaloblastic
how many genes encode for hgb on the alpha protein and what chromosome? - correct
answer-four genes; chromosome 16
, how many genes encode for hgb on the beta protein and what chromosome? - correct
answer-two genes; chromosome 11
intermittent asthma - correct answer-sypmtoms < 2 days/week and month
0-1 severe exacerbations/year
FEV1 > 80%
intrinsic asthma - correct answer-triggered by non-allergic factors (meds, infection, anxiety,
etc.)
no increase of IgE
typically seen in adults
mild persistent asthma - correct answer-symptoms 2-6 days/week, 3-4/month at night
minor activity limitation
2 severe exacerbations/year
mitral regurgitation - correct answer-backflow of blood into left atrium due to failure of mitral
valve to properly close caused by mitral valve prolapse
mitral stenosis - correct answer-narrowing of the mitral valve caused by rheumatic heart
disease
moderate persistent asthma - correct answer-daily symptoms and > 1 night/week
some activity limitations
FEV1 60-80%
FEV1/FVC decreased by 5% of normal
normal absolute reticulocyte count in aplastic anemia - correct answer-0.5%-2.5%
normal fev1 - correct answer-80-120%
normal forced vital capacity (FVC) - correct answer-80-120%
normal granulocyte level in aplastic anemia - correct answer-< 500 UL
normal platelet count in aplastic anemia - correct answer-< 20,000 UL
NYHA classifications - correct answer-stage C1: no activity limitations
stage C2: mild activity limitation, but comfortable at rest; activity results in fatigue,
palpitations, dyspnea, or anginal pain
stage C3: moderate, marked activity limitation, symptoms with less than ordinary activity
stage C4: severe inability to complete activity without discomfort, symptoms present at rest
primary immunodeficiency - correct answer-result of single gene defects
residual volume - correct answer-amount of air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration
