Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach, 2nd ed. by Cowan Chapter 8.

Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach, 2nd ed. by Cowan Chapter 8 Genetics Correct Answer- The study of inheritance, or heredity, of living things Explores... -transmission of biologic properties (traits) from parent to offspring -the expression and variation of those traits -structure and function of the genetic material -how genetic material changes Genomes Correct Answer- Sum total of genetic material of an organism Most of the genome exists in the form of chromosomes Some appear as plasmids or in certain organelles of eukaryotes Genome of cells composed entirely of DNA Genome of viruses can contain either DNA or RNA Chromosome Correct Answer- Discrete cellular structure composed of a neatly packaged DNA molecule Eukaryotic Chromosome Correct Answer- DNA wound around histones Located in the nucleus Linear appearance Prokaryotic Chromosome Correct Answer- DNA condensed by supercoiling Single, circular chromosome Gene Correct Answer- Classical genetics definition: Fundamental unit of heredity responsible for a given trait in an organism Molecular and Biochemistry definition: Site on the chromosome that provides information for a certain cell function A certain segment of DNA that contains the necessary code to make a protein or RNA molecule Segment of DNA that contains code to make a group of related proteins or RNA Categories of genes Correct Answer- Structural genes code for proteins Genes that code for RNA machinery used in protein production