NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology-Exam 3

NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology-Exam 3 1. Explain the cardiac structure and blood flow through chambers/valves. The right atrium receives ______ blood from the body. deoxygenated 1. Explain the cardiac structure and blood flow through chambers/valves. Blood travels from the right atrium, through the ______ valve, to the right ventricle. From the right ventricle, blood travels through the _____ valve and into the ____ artery tricuspid, pulmonic, pulmonary 1. Explain the cardiac structure and blood flow through chambers/valves. T/F The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body that carries DEOXYGENATED blood, into the lungs, where it goes to the alveoli and gas exchange occurs True 1. Explain the cardiac structure and blood flow through chambers/valves. The oxygenated blood then enters the _____ vein and is delivered to the _____ _____ pulmonary, left atrium 1. Explain the cardiac structure and blood flow through chambers/valves. From the left atrium,. it travels through the _____ valve into the left ventricle. From the left ventricle, the blood travels through the _____ valve into the aorta, and goes to the rest of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients mitral, aortic T/F The left ventricle is larger than the right because its workload is greater. The right ventricle ONLY PUMPS BLOOD TO THE LUNGS, whereas the left ventricle must pump blood to the entire body and has a much higher after load to push against. True (Consequently, pressure in left side of heart is greater than the right) The heart has how many layers? 3. endocardium, myocardium ,pericardium (made of two layers. Fibrous pericardium made of CT and provides heart with stability by connecting to sternum anteriorly and diaphragm inferiorly. Serous pericardium has two layers 2. Explain fetal circulation. The _____ is essential to fetal life, growth, and development. Where oxygen exchange occurs. Removes waste products and provides nutrients placenta 2. Explain fetal circulation. T/F During fetal growth and development, manner in which blood flows is different than it is at birth. Blood shunted around some areas and mixes in other areas. Different channels which are OPEN to allow for blood flow, and after birth, channels close and./or develop into various ligaments. True 2. Explain fetal circulation. The umbilical vein receives _______ blood from the placenta. The umbilical vein connects to the ______ circulation but also connects to the inferior vena cava by the _____ _____ oxygenated, hepatic, ductus venosus 2. Explain fetal circulation. The ____ ____ allows the oxygen rich blood to enter the inferior vena cava and some blood does enter the hepatic circulation. From the inferior vena cava, the blood is emptied into the ____ ____ ductus venosus, right atrium 2. Explain fetal circulation. The most oxygenation blood in the right atrium is shunted through the ____ _____ (an opening between the right and left atria) into the left atrium. The blood then enters the left ventricle and is pumped out to the head and the rest of the body. foramen ovale 2. Explain fetal circulation. The deoxygenated blood also enters the right atrium just as the oxygenated blood does. Two streams to help keep the blood separate. _____ percent of the blood in the right atrium (which is _____ blood), will be moved forward as described above. The remaining _____ percent is mixed blood (oxygenated and deoxygenated) and will move into RIGHT atrium, to RIGHT ventricle, and into the ____ ____ 60 percent, oxygenated, 40 percent, pulmonary artery. 2. Explain fetal circulation. From the pulmonary artery, it will pass through the patent ductus arteriosus (which is a connection between the ____ ____ and _____) and into the aorta. pulmonary artery, aorta 2. Explain fetal circulation. The aorta will connect with the ____ ____, where the blood will go back to the placenta to exchange gas, get rid of waste products, and pick up nutrients. umbilical artery 2. Explain fetal circulation.