BIOD 171 ESSENTIAL MICROBIOLOGY FINAL EXAM ///2024 UPDATED AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS

Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP. ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP →ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built into ATP (ADP + Pi →ATP). An organism that derives its energy (generates ATP) from photons of light is called a _________ Phototrophic microorganism. An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from elemental sulfur would be classified as a __________? Lithotroph A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation process? The chemical compound losing the phosphate group is referred to as the phosphorylated reactive intermediate. What is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle? NADH and FADH2 True or False. The reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel the electron transport system. False. True or False. The β-oxidation pathway catabolizes the fatty acid chains of lipids. True The process of carbon fixation begins with which of the following reactants: select all that apply. A. ATP B. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate C. CO2 D. NADPH E. H2O A, C, D, and E. Carbon fixation uses the ATP/NADPH produced during light reactions to convert CO2 and H2O into useful sources of energy (carbohydrates). What is one of the main functions of light reactions? Similar to the electron transport chain, one of its main functions is to generate a proton concentration gradient to generate ATP