HIEU 242 Exam 1 - UTK Dr. Maccari-Clayton

Ancient Regime - political structure in pre-revolution France that consisted of absolutism and class orders/estates Absolutism - system of government in which both legislative and executive power was concentrated in the hands of a king who could act w/o any legal limitations on his sovereignty (result of religious wars from earlier century) Palace of Versailles - center of French political power from 1682 Louis XIV - "sun king" who moved nobles from provinces into Versailles "nobility of the sword" - old line of nobility extending over generations within one family "nobility of the robe" - Nobility who bought in, new money first estate - clergy second estate - nobility third estate - commoners honor in ancien regime - distinguished birth and profession moral basis of 18th century society - tradition (family ways) & authority (church) privileges - private laws that legislated inequality, examples: death penalty and taxes only applied to commoners ancien regime dress code - only nobility and clergy were allowed to wear bright, expensive clothes because social standing needed to be visible The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen - unequal rights people lived by under the ancien regime The Enlightenment - intellectual movement during the ancien regime that facilitated thinking and skepticism which challenged tradition and authority (church) The Scientific Revolution (16th - 17th c.) - discovery of "natural laws" regulating the universe provided inspo to seek similar "natural laws" regulating government and society Paris - birthplace of Enlightenment Deism - God created the world and the universe but retreated from world affairs and hasn't intervened since causes of The French Revolution () - 1) challenges to absolutism by philosophers in hopes to create a new world built on rationality