Galen College of Nursing NU110 Exam #2 100% Verified

4 phases of respiration -Answer 1. Pulmonary ventilation 2. External gas exchange 3. Gas transport in the blood 4. Internal gas exchange Respiration -Answer Inhalation and exhalation of air. The process by which O2 is obtained from the environment and delivered to the cells. Structures of the Respiratory System -Answer Nasal cavity,Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Alveoli pulmonary ventilation -Answer movement of air into and out of the lungs/exchange of air between the atmosphere and the air sacs (Alveoli) External gas exchange -Answer occurs in the lungs as oxygen diffuses from the air sacs into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood to be eliminated Gas transport in the blood -Answer The circulating blood carries gases between the lungs and the tissues, supplying oxygen to the cells and bringing back carbon dioxide. Internal gas exchange -Answer occurs in the tissues as oxygen diffuses from the blood to the cells, whereas carbon dioxide travels from the cells into the blood compliance -Answer The ease with which one can expand the lungs and thorax Diffusion -Answer Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration/concentration gradient two phases of ventilation -Answer inhalation and exhalation Surfactant -Answer chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep them from collapsing Difference between the left and right bronchi -Answer right bronchi is larger and extends more vertically. (this is where a foreign object will most likely lodge) hypoventilation -Answer causes increased CO2/H+ in blood & acidosis Hyperventilation -Answer causes decreased CO2/H+ in blood and Alkalosis Part of the brain controls the HR and Resp -Answer Medulla/Brainstem