ABSI Study Guide Questions With All Correct Answers.

ABSI Study Guide Questions With All Correct Answers. Eugene Blueler coined the term "Autism" in 1911 Hans Asperger in 1938 used the word "autistic" to describe people with social isolation but no hallucinations Leo Kanner coined the term Early Infantile Austin in 1943 In what year did the DSM-III includes Infantile Autism as a distinct category 1980 In what year did DSM-IV unwed Autistic Disorder as a separate diagnosis with a more expansive definition? 1987 What year was Asperger's syndrome added to DSM-IVE to induce milder cases? 1994 In what year did DSM-V combined several diagnoses into Autism Spectrum Disorder? 2013 Austin Spectrum Disorder (ASD) • Neurological, lifelong developmental disorder • characterized by social deficits and repetitive patterns of behavior • impacts ability to function properly in school, work, and other areas of life Why is Autism a spectrum disorder ? • no 2 individuals with ASD are the same • skills may be splintered across domains • different areas may be impacted to varying degrees • some may have more challenging behaviors than others Deficits of ASD • communication • play skills • self-help and independent living • social skills • awareness of dangerous situations • no desire to be around others • eye contact Excesses of ASD • tantrum behavior • aggression against self, objects or others • restrictive and repetitive patters of behaviors (RRBs) • Echolalia • delayed echolalia-video talk Echoic something is spoken then copied Mand asking for things that they want (i.e. you hungry so..."Can I have food") Tact labeling thins that you, see, hear, small, feel and taste (i.e. sees a bird... "look a bird") intraverbal someone say something and you say something different in response such as answering questions and filling in the blanks visual schedules tools we can use to help individuals follow. routine, transition between activities, develop new skills, and become more independent what can visual schedules can help prevent or reduce? avoidance-maintained behavior & anxiety What can visual schedules increase? compliance & predictability Pivotal response treatment (PRT) play based, child initiated treatment for individuals with ASD Who developed PRT? The koegels from research in 1970s and 1980s In contrast to DTT & NET, PRT targets _______ rather than specific, discrete behaviors general skill areas seen as pivotal for learning what are the goals of PRT • developing communication and language skills • increasing prosocial behaviors • replacing repetitive or restrictive patterns of behavior What are the 4 pivotal skill areas targets • motivation • response to multiple cues • self-management • social initiation Person-Centered Planning a planning process that puts the client at the center of the plan to help them meet their furniture goals and dreams P-CP rests on the principle of self determinism self-determinism the freedom to live as one chooses, & to act or make decision without the permission of others Advocacy • taking time to understand those we help • offering support so others can tell their stories • speaking up for those who cannot do so themselves • helping our clients understand their choices and the possible outcomes of those choices enabling a person to have control over their lives helping our clients achieve their dreams and goals What did the Lovass studies demonstrate? Early Intensive Behavior Intervention (EIBI) is the best practice in treating children with ASD Research shows the greatest improvements when EIBI starts is prior to what age? 2 what age do children typically receive EIBI ages 3-6 Reinforcement the process by which a behavior is strengthen or rather increased by an immediate consequence that consistency follows its occurrence What are the 2 types of reinforcement? Positive & Negative Positive Reinforcement addition of something increases the chance of behavior occurring again negative reinforcement removal os something to increase the chance of behavior occurring again Prompt Hierarchy (Least to most) positional- gestural-model-verbal-physical Prompt hierarchy (Most to least) physical- verbal- model - gestural - positional most to least prompt fading produced providing the most instructive prompt first and then gradually fading to less intrusive prompts until control is transferred to the natural stimulus Most to least prompting is used for...? Errorless learning Errorless learnings helps minimize frustration` errorless learning reduces non-compliance errorless learning ensures practice of the skill correctly after an unsuccessful attempt in least to most prompting you must remember to give... information feedback and then represent your instruction along with the more instructive prompt discriminative stimulus (SD) in DTT it is the natural stimulus o cue in the environment that typically evokes a particular response response the behavior that the client is expected to perform when the SD is presented response are behaviors and must pass the stuffed animal test responses must be.... clearly and completely defined in objective and measurable terms Goals of NET • stimulus control • increased opportunities • flexibility • learn to learn Functional behavior