Anatomy and physiology chapter 1 -6.docx

Levels of organization - correct answer Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism Cells are - correct answer The basic structural and functional units of an organism 3 components of a feedback system - correct answer Receptor, control center, effector Negative feedback - correct answer Reverses the change in a controlled condition Positive feedback - correct answer Strengthens or reinforces the change in a controlled condition Intracellular - correct answer Fluid within the cell Extracellular - correct answer Fluid outside the cell Superior - correct answer Toward the head, above Inferior - correct answer Away from the head, below Anterior/ventral - correct answer Toward the front Posterior/dorsal - correct answer Toward the back Ipsilateral - correct answer Same side of the body Contralateral - correct answer Opposite side of the body Superficial - correct answer Toward the surface Deep - correct answer Toward the core of the body Protons - correct answer Largest positively charged particle Neutrons - correct answer Second large particle, does not have a charge Electrons - correct answer Negatively charged particle surrounding the nucleus Neutrons and protons form what - correct answer The nucleus What is atomic number - correct answer The number of protons found in an atom What is mass number - correct answer The sum of protrons and neutrons in an atom and indicates the weight of the atom Name 8 chemical elements found in body - correct answer Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, potassium, sodium, chlorine, iodine 3 stages that matter can exist - correct answer Liquid, solid, gas Anabolism - correct answer Builds up reactions to form bonds, requiring energy Catabolism - correct answer Breaks down reaction to break bonds releasing energy Exergonic - correct answer Releases energy to break a bond Endergonic - correct answer Requires energy to be added to form a bond Kinetic energy - correct answer Energy of matter in motion Potential energy - correct answer Energy stored by matter Eukaryotic cell - correct answer Complex cells containing a nucleus and organelles, found in fungi, plants and animals Name 3 components of a eukaryotic cell - correct answer Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus Plasma membrane - correct answer Outside boundary of a cell, separates and protects internal environment of a cell Cytoplasm - correct answer Contains cells contents such as cytosol and organelles Nucleus - correct answer Large organelle that contains dna in molecules called chromosomes Cytosol - correct answer Intracellular fluid surrounding the organelles Organelles - correct answer Specialized structures within the cell Permeable barrier - correct answer Access passages allowing selective substances across the membrane Passive transport - correct answer Does not require energy to pass substance across the membrane Active transport - correct answer Requires energy to allow substance to cross the membrane Ribosomes - correct answer Sight for protein synthesis Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - correct answer Synthesizes fatty acids, detoxifies certain drugs Rough endoplasmic reticulum - correct answer Studded with ribosomes, produces proteins Mitochondria - correct answer Powerhouse cell, actively present in muscles, kidney, liver, contains dna Lysosomes - correct answer Vesicles that contain digestive enzyme What is tissue - correct answer A group of cells working together to carry out activities Four types of tissue - correct answer Epithelial, connective, muscle, nerveous Common c.t cells - correct answer White blood cells - correct answer Part of the blood Adipocytes - correct answer Stores triglycerides