NURS 615 Study Guide Exam with complete solution

NURS 615 Study Guide Exam with complete solution What factors are associated with clinical judgment when prescribing medications? -Correct Answer-Thorough assessment of patient and patient environment Medical and Nursing Diagnoses Review of potential alternative therapies Specific knowledge about drug chosen Information about disease you are trying to treat This is patient centered care should be most effective, least invasive and least expensive What are the criteria for choosing an effective drug? -Correct Answer-Nationally recognized guidelines should be used to choose most effective drug treatment JNC7 for hypertension Recommendations for SPE prophylaxis for endocarditis put out by American Cardiac Physicians and AHA How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? -Correct Answer-Many drugs that carry an electric charge bind with albumin in the blood The distribution of drug to the targeted tissues may be affected if hypoalbuminemia is present What is the drug's half-life? -Correct Answer-The amount of time for an administered to be half-way cleared from the body Takes 4-5x half life for drug serum to reach steady state after regular dosing is started, stopped, or the dose is changed Digoxin half life 24-36 hours change in dose will take a week for full effect Drugs with long half life like amiodarone 58day half life are usually started with a loading dose to achieve steady state more quickly. Must use half life to determine the length of time required between dosage administrations. What is meant by the onset of action, peak of action, duration of action of medications? -Correct Answer-Onset: Time between administration and minimum concentration of a drug to produce an effect. First sign of drugs therapeutic effect.