MMSC 490 Practice Quizzes Modules 1-4 with complete solutions

MMSC 490 Practice Quizzes Modules 1-4 with complete solutions The feature that most clearly distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes is the presence of .......... in eukaryotic cells. RNA molecules a nucleus oxidative phosphorylation ribosomes - Answer ️️ -Nucleus Cytoplasmic organelles are absent in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. present in prokaryotic cells and absent in eukaryotic cells. absent in prokaryotic cells and present in eukaryotic cells. present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. - Answer ️️ -absent in prokaryotic cells and present in eukaryotic cells. The eukaryotic nucleus contains .......... DNA molecule(s). a single circular multiple circular a single linear multiple linear - Answer ️️ -multiple linear Stanley Miller applied electric sparks to a reducing atmosphere of methane, ammonia, water, and hydrogen, and the resulting products showed that under these conditions, amino acids can polymerize into polypeptides. nucleotides can polymerize into nucleic acids. nucleotides can form. amino acids can form. - Answer ️️ -amino acids can form Which energy-producing process is thought to have come first during cellular evolution? Photosynthesis Proteolysis Glycolysis Oxidative phosphorylation - Answer ️️ -glycolysis At the time life arose on Earth, Earth's atmosphere contained abundant amounts of all of the following except N2. H2. H2S. O2. - Answer ️️ -O2 CO2 to organic compounds radically changed Earth by producing O2. cellulose. sugar. H2. - Answer ️️ -O2 RNA is believed to have been the initial genetic system because it can catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides into another RNA strand. form a stable double helix with a complementary nucleic acid strand. form ribosomes. transfer amino acids to ribosomes - Answer ️️ -catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides into another RNA strand. The initial importance of a membrane enclosing self-replicating RNA molecules and associated proteins was that it maintained these molecules as a unit capable of reproduction and evolution. transported materials in and out of the compartment. kept other molecules out of the compartment. provided sites for proteins to function. - Answer ️️ -maintained these molecules as a unit capable of reproduction and evolution. The bacterial genome is located in a portion of the cell called the nucleoid. nucleus. nucleolus. mesosome. - Answer ️️ -nucleoid Eukaryotic cell nuclei contain genes that are partly archaebacterial and partly bacterial in origin. primarily of archaebacterial origin. primarily of bacterial origin. all of eukaryotic origin. - Answer ️️ -partly archaebacterial and partly bacterial in origin Organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated in eukaryotic cells via a process called exocytosis. phagocytosis. endosymbiosis. endocytosis. - Answer ️️ -endosymbiosis Mitochondria and chloroplasts resemble bacteria in that they All of the above reproduce by simple division into two. have their own ribosomes. have their own DNA. - Answer ️️ -all of the above Which of the following is a colonial organism closely related to the evolutionary precursors of present-day plants? Dictyostelium discoideum Paramecium Arabidopsis thaliana Volvox - Answer ️️ -Volvox Which of the following are the most commonly used mammals for genetic studies? Mice Xenopus laevis Cats Humans - Answer ️️ -Mice In fluorescence microscopy, the immediate source of the light detected is light that has been .......... the sample. absorbed by scattered from exciting emitted by - Answer ️️ -emitted by Which of the following is a high-resolution light microscope technique for detecting interactions between proteins? Confocal microscopy MPEM (multi-photon excitation microscopy) FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) - Answer ️️ -FRET How many genes does the haploid yeast nuclear genome contain? 20,000 1,000 6,000 10,000 - Answer ️️ -6,000 The adult nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans consists of .......... somatic cells. 95 9,590 1,500 959 - Answer ️️ -959 The simplicity and clarity of Caenorhabditis elegans allowed researchers to observe the process of fertilization better than had been possible in the past. follow the process by which cell aggregation forms a multicellular organism. identify the genes involved in differentiation of each cell type trace the developmental lineages of all cells in the adult. - Answer ️️ -trace the development lineages of all cells in the adult Drosophila melanogaster was an organism of choice for the study of the process of development. the process of cell aggregation to form a multicellular organism. mammalian genetics. the process of fertilization. - Answer ️️ -the process of development Studies on which model experimental organism led to the initial discovery of important mechanisms controlling the development of the animal