NR 222 Final Exam Questions with well explained answers

Health - Answer-State of physical, mental and social functioning that realizes the potential of which a person is capable Wellness - Answer-State toward a higher level of functioning- improved physical and mental health state Illness - Answer-Social construct in which people are in an imbalanced, unsustainable relationship with their environment and are failing in ability to survive and create higher quality of life Disease - Answer-failure of a persons adaptive mechanisms to adequately counteract stimuli and stresses, resulting structural or functional damage Wellness-Illness continuum - Answer-A paradigm that is bipolar, interactive portrayal of health and illness in myriad configurations, ranging from high level wellness to depletion of health Clinical model of health - Answer-absence of signs and symptoms of disease- conventional model of the discipline of medicine Empathy - Answer-ability to understand anothers feelings without losing personal identity and perspective Various models of health (4) - Answer-Clinical model, role performance model, adaptive model, eudamonistic Which model of health states that health is absence of disease, illness is presence of disease, danger of not seeking help soon enough - Answer-Clinical model Which model of health is the persons ability to participate in work, family and community - Answer-Roleperformance modelWhich model of health is the ability to positively make changes in health conditions - Answer-Adaptive model Which model of health states that the exuberant well-being indicates optimal health - AnswerEudamonistic model Helps to guide health system to promote health, helps to form healthcare for everybody, eliminates health disparity, increases healthy life span and provides preventative care. - Answer-Health people 2020 Levels of prevention - Answer-Primary- prevention Secondary- Assessment and Treatment Tertiary- Follow up care Which level of prevention is the prevention of smoking - Answer-Primary Which level of prevention is the care of respiratory patient - Answer-Secondary Which level of prevention is promotion strategies to improve life with COPD - Answer-Tertiary Gordons 11 functional health patterns - Answer-Health-perception/health-management Nutritional-metabolic Elimination Activity-Exercise Sleep-rest Cognitive-Perceptual Self-perception/concept Roles-relationships Sexuality-Reproductive Coping-stress tolerance Values-beliefsAcculturation - Answer-Adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture Culture - Answer-Shared patterns of values/behaviors- shaped by cultural group Ethnic group - Answer-Group set apart on basis of cultural/national origin characteristics Ethnicity - Answer-Sense of collective identity, distinctiveness, sharing of customs, food, dress, language Health disparities - Answer-Wide variations in health services/health status among certain population groups Race - Answer-Categorizations of people based on physical properties and biological heredity Trans-cultural nursing - Answer-transforms health care for diverse populations Values clarification - Answer-Method for discovering ones values and the importance of these values What are considered to be the emerging populations in the United States? - Answer-Ethnic minorities, homeless, those with AIDS/HIV What are considered to be the primary health concerns for the homeless population? - Answer-Survival issues, respiratory or infectious disease; dental/vision problems; mental health and substance abuse What are considered to be the primary health concerns for the Arab population? - Answer-Diabetes, coronary heart disease, acculturation, mental health, teen smoking What are considered to be the primary health concerns for the Asian population? - Answer-Hesitancy for care, tuberculosis, mental healthWhat are considered to be the primary health concerns for the Hispanic population? - Answer-Stomach cancer, diabetes, CV disease, HIV What are considered to be the primary health concerns for the Black population? - Answer-Cancer, HIV, hypertension, obesity, mental health What are considered to be the primary health concerns for the Native American population? - AnswerSmoking, substance abuse, cirrhosis, diabetes, suicide Advanced Practice nurses - Answer-Nurses with advanced education beyond BA- manage and deliver health care services to all Advocate - Answer-One who pleads the cause of another Health care reform - Answer-Obamacare Health Maintenance Organization - Answer-the prototypical managed care structure that encompasses 2 possibilities: health plan where providers assume the financial risk OR a health plan that uses primary care providers as gatekeepers. Hospitalist - Answer-a physician whose professional focus is caring for hospitalized individuals Lobbyist - Answer-Registered representative of a special interest group Managed care - Answer-System that seeks to manage the cost, quality, and access of health care. Medicaid - Answer-Combined federal and state program- provides access to care for the poor and medically needy of all ages Medicare - Answer-federal health insurance program that finacnces health care for those over 65, those disable, and those with end-stage renal diseasePreferred Provider Organizations - Answer-Network of providers who agree to deliver serviced for discounted fee -no financial risk to provide Primary Care - Answer-basic health care that emphasizes health needs rather than specialized carePREVENTION What is CMS and what do they do? - Answer-Centers for Medicare/Medicare and CHIP. Branch of US dept of health and human services. Federal agency which administers Medicare, Medicaid and CHIP; and provides info to health professions, regional governments and consumers.