AGPNP Final PREP- 665 ALL PREP CONCEPTS COMBINED

AGPNP Final PREP- 665 ALL PREP CONCEPTS COMBINED o - ANSWER Macule: flat nonpalpable lesion less than 1 cm diameter. Example: freckles (ephelis), lentigo or lentigines (plural) o - ANSWER Papule: palpable solid lesion less than or equal to 0.5cm in diameter. Example: nevi (moles), acne, small cherry angiomas o - ANSWER Plaque: flattened elevated lesion with variable shape greater than 1cm in diameter. Example: psoriatic lesions o - ANSWER Bulla: elevated superficial blister filled with serous fluid and more than 1cm in size. Example: impetigo, second-degree burn with blisters, SJS lesions o - ANSWER Vesicle: elevated superficial skin lesions less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid. Example: herpetic lesions o - ANSWER Pustule: elevated superficial skin lesion less than 1cm in diameter filled with purulent fluid. Example: acne pustules o - ANSWER Lichenification: thickening of the epidermis with exaggeration of normal skin lines due to chronic itching (eczema) o - ANSWER Scale: flaking skin (psoriasis) o - ANSWER Crust: dried exudate, may be serous exudate (impetigo) o - ANSWER Ulceration: full-thickness loss of skin (decubiti or pressure injury) o - ANSWER Scar: permanent fibrotic changes following damage to the dermis (surgical scars) o - ANSWER Keloids/hypertrophic scar: overgrowth of scar tissue, more common in blacks, Asians o - ANSWER Acral: distal portions of the limbs such as the hand or feet (accrual melanoma) o - ANSWER Annular: ring-shaped (ringworm or tinea corporis) o - ANSWER Exanthem: cutaneous rash o - ANSWER Flexural: skin flexures are body folds (eczema affects flexural folds) o - ANSWER Maculopapular rash: rash with color (usually pink to red) with small bumps that are raised above the skin o - ANSWER Morbilliform: rash that resembles measles (pink rash with texture) o - ANSWER Nummular: coin-shaped, round (nummular eczema) o - ANSWER Purpura: bleeding into the skin; small bleeds are petechial (RMSF) and larger areas of bleeding are ecchymoses or purpura (meningococcemia) o - ANSWER Serpiginous: shaped like a snake (larva migrans) o - ANSWER Verrucous: wart like • - ANSWER Common dermatological conditions in primary care - pediatric, pregnancy, adult and geriatric o - ANSWER Christmas tree pattern=pityriasis rosea o - ANSWER Honey-colored crusts=impetigo o - ANSWER Erythema migrans= lyme disease o - ANSWER Ring-shaped pruritic area with some central clearing-tinea corporis (ringworm) o - ANSWER Papules and vesicles on a dermatomal pattern= varicella zoster virus o - ANSWER Painful nodules in the axilla=hidradenitis suppurativa o - ANSWER Pinpoint bleeding when scale is removed=psoriasis o - ANSWER Atopic dermatitis - ANSWER Chronic inherited skin disorder marked by extremely pruritic rashes that are located on the hands, flexural folds, and neck (older child to adult). Rashes are exacerbated by stress and environmental factors. It is associated with atopic disorders such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and multiple allergie