CTEL 1 Essential Concepts

CTEL 1 Essential Concepts What are the features of English phonology that give English Learners trouble? - Languages have different phonemes and sounds of English need to be taught contextually. How can teachers promote English Learner's auditory discrimination and production of English phonemes? - Auditory activities using minimal pairs to distinguish different phonemes. (see and hear: pet/pat, cat/cap map/mat) Why does syntax give English Learners trouble and how can this be addressed in the classroom? - Different from L1 syntax. Clear modeling of correct syntax, sentence patterns, and use of state adopted support material. What difficulties do English Learners have with semantics? - Multiple meaning words, false cognates, idioms, and other language ambiguities. How can primary language be used to promote English language development? - Apply their prior knowledge of language features/vocabulary/idioms, to make connections to new language. What are the functions of language? - Social: inform, amuse, persuade Academic: describe, define, predict, compare/contrast. What instructional strategies promote English Learners to engage effectively in written discourse? - Modeling, graphic organizers, outline formats, sentence frames, teach transition words, and standard use syntax. What instructional strategies promote English Learners to engage effectively in oral discourse? - Asking for clarification, practice paraphrasing and expanding idea, role-play, group interactions, pair work, interviews, and oral presentations. What are the pragmatic features of language? - Use of formal/unformal registers, idiomatic expression, gestures, eye contact, physical proximity. Effective ELD instruction would include - Explicit instruction in phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, using language socially and academically, and designed to meet ELA and Content Goals! Constructivism - Build knowledge based on experiences, social interaction, conversations, asking questions, problem solving, and interactions with others. Cognitivism - Cognitive process of learning through memorization and learning strategies for self monitoring and learning. The four stages of first language acquisition - Babbling, holophrastic, two-word, telegrapghic What are the similarities between attaining L1 and L2? - Repetition, language is modeled and imitated, language universals exist, L1 knowledge facillitates L2 language. The 5 language proficiency levels - Beginning: little receptive and productive skills Early Interm: produces more language but w/errors Intermediate: less errors, more vocabulary Early Advanced: engages in grade level content w/good lang Advanced: native-like fluency, needs language