Multiple Sclerosis Study Questions and Answers (1)

Multiple Sclerosis Study Questions and Answers (1) what is MS? - Answer-Multiple Sclerosis Immune mediated, progressive demyelinating disease of the CNS -Damage to myelin -Damage to axon Patho -Sensitized T & B lymphocytes cross BBB Start inflammatory process CAUSE??? what are clinical manifestation for MS? - Answer-1. Fatigue/Weakness 2. Ataxia and vertigo 3. Tremors/spasiticity of LE 4. Parasthesias 5. Blurred vision/diplopia 6. Nystagmus 7. Dysphasia 8. Bowel/Bladder disturbances 9. Abnormal reflexes 10. Emotional changes (Depression) what are nursing diagnoses for MS? - Answer-Impaired Physical Mobility Sexual Dysfunction Impaired Elimination Pattern Interrupted Family Processes what are Nursing Interventions for MS? 1-6 - Answer-1. Protect from injury/safety measures 2. Eye patch for diplopia 3. Monitor for complications 4. Regular elimination 5. Encourage independence 6. Regular exercise/rest program what are Nursing Interventions for MS? 7-12 - Answer-7. Need for assistive devices 8. PT/OT 9. Avoid fatigue, stress, infection, overheating, chilling 10. Food/Fluid 11. National MS groups 12. Administration of medications what does Medications do to MS? - Answer-Complex Treatment Treatment based on phase, sign and symptom, patient tolerance... Drugs used to decrease inflammation in CNS and sign and symptom just the treat the sign and symptom only what are those medications for MS? - Answer-1. Glucocorditcoids • IV methylprednisolone 2. Muscle Relaxants • Diazepam (Valium), Baclofen (Lioresal), Carisoprodol (Soma)... 3. Immunomodulators • Interferons: SE = flu like symptoms - IFN-B1b (Betaseron) - IFN-B1a (Rebif) • Non-interferon - Glatiramer acetate (Capaxone) Description for multiple sclerosis - Answer-Demyelinating disease resulting in the destruction of CNS myelin and consequent disruption in the transmission of nerve impulses what about the onset for multiple sclerosis? - Answer-Onset is insidious, with 50% of clients still ambulatory 25 years after diagnosis. how do nurse diagnosis for multiple sclerosis? - Answer-Diagnosis determined by a combination of data: 1. Presenting symptoms 2. Increased white matter density seen on CT scan 3. Presence of plaques seen on MRI 4. CSF electrophoresis shows presence of oligoclonal (IgG) bands. multiple sclerosis is more common is men or women? - Answer-in woman is the progression for multiple sclerosis in orderly? - Answer-nope what is the progression for multiple sclerosis? - Answer-Symptoms involving motor function usually begin in the upper extremities with weakness progressing to spastic paralysis. Bowel and bladder dysfunction occurs in 90% of cases. what are nursing assessment for history for multiple sclerosis? - Answer-A. Nursing history of client to include: 1. History of symptoms 2. Progression of illness 3. Types of treatment received and the responses 4. Additional health problems 5. Current medications 6. Client's and family's perception of illness 7. Community resources used by the client what are nursing physical assessment for multiple sclerosis? 1-4 - Answer-1. Optic neuritis - loss of vision or blind spots 2. Visual or swallowing difficulties 3. Gait disturbances; intention tremors 4. Unusual fatigue, weakness, and clumsiness